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South Africa becomes a unified state within the British empire -
The native national congress is founded, later renamed The African National Congress (ANC) -
The ANC youth League writes and publishes its manifesto -
The National Party wins the 1948 general election -
The ANC adopts the ANC Youth League's manifesto, aka the Programme of Action, as the official platform
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It empphasized the rights of african people of self determination and laid out plans to boycott and protest -
No mixed race marriages allowed
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No mixed race marriages allowed
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was presented by the state as a device for land betterment but its practical significance was the forced removal or slaughter of cattle belonging to african reservists -
Black africans were moved into bantues and were given no properties rights
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Black africans were moved into bantues and were given no properties rights
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The police opened fire on the protesters killing 19 and wounding 30 people. -
On June 26, the ANC called for a general strike and day of mourning in protest at the may day murders. -
The largest non violent resistance ever seen, in South Africa -
Only whites could vote and everyone was classified as a race and your right would change depending based on what race
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banned the South African Communist Party and allowed the government to take action against any group or individual intending to
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Banned the communist party of south africa and proscribed every party subscribed to communism -
the National Party introduced it to enforce racial segregation, and was part of a deliberate process to remove all non-white people from the voters' roll and revoke the Cape Qualified Franchise system. -
Which said, anyone speaking against the regime will be guilty of insightment. -
Give owners rights to exclude people of color from public facilites. -
Blacks had to carry a reference book with them to travel and was a criminal offence to not have it -
the largest scale non-violent resistance ever seen in South Africa. More than 8,000 people across towns in South Africa went to jail for defying apartheid laws. -
Was made to be able to create state of emergencies and increased penalties for protesters -
which said that anyone even speaking out against the regime would be guilty of ‘incitement’ -
Young black children were given inferior education compared to other races at the time
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Public facilities where separated for whites and colored and they were not same white area had better everything compared to the coloreds
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Removed blacks forcefully and where moved to designated to certain areas -
A gathering organized by the national action councel, later known as the congress aliance, to lay out the vision of south african people. -
Sent out 50,000 volunteers into townships and the country side to collect freedom demands from the people of south africa.
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united people of all racial origins in a common struggle to end apartheid and to establish a non-racial democratic state. It formed the basis of the country’s democratic Constitution of 1996. -
To protest the introduction of apartheid pass laws for black women and the presentation of a petition, to prime minister J.G Strijdom. -
A trial in Johanesburg in which 156 people were accused of a raid and treason, lasted until 1961, they were found guilty
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They broke away because they felt that the focus of the ANC was being lost through compromises with non black organizations. -
Stripped Blacks from being part of the government -
Sobukwe was arrested and jailed until 1969 -
n the PAC, Leballo set up a militant wing called Poqo (pure), which launched a campaign of terrorism against individuals -
British Prime Minister Harold MacMillian delivered his speech suggesting Black Nationalism needs to be accepted.
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Police fired at a crowd of black people, about 69 blacks were killed, and more than a 180 wounded in sharpsville -
Requested to stay a member of the common wealth, it is rejected.
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PAC and ANC turned to an armed resistance -
Condemns Apartheid
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Encourages members to seperate conformity with the charter to break trade and diplomatic relations with South Africa
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Ten leaders of the African National Congress were tried for 221 acts of sabotage designed to overthrow the apartheid system. Nelson Mandela renounced his chance to be cross-examined in favour of a speech from the dock in which he condemned the court and the laws he was charged with breaking as being illegitimate. -
Ten leaders of the African National Congress were tried for 221 acts of sabotage designed to overthrow the apartheid system. Nelson Mandela renounced his chance to be cross-examined in favour of a speech from the dock in which he condemned the court and the laws he was charged with breaking as being illegitimate.
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The african resistance was a movement (ARM) was a group made up largely by white students who had been part of the National Union of South African Students (NUSAS).
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The African Resistance Movement (ARM) was a group made up largely by white students who had been part of the National Union of South African Students (NUSAS).