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- April 9: The Civil War ends with Union troops occupying the South and prompting Southern states to end slavery.
- April 14: President Abraham Lincoln is assassinated and Andrew Johnson becomes the 17th president of the United States.
- December 6: The 13th Amendment to the Constitution is submitted to Congress and passed by the end of the year.
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- July 16: The U.S. Congress passes the Civil Rights Act to guarantee the civil rights of African Americans.
- The Cooksett dispute breaks out, marking the beginning of the reconstruction period.
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