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Galileo was born in Pisa, Tuscany. He was the oldest of seven children. His father was a musician and wool trader, he wanted jim to study medicine because their was more money in medicine. At age eleven, Galileo was sent to study in a Jesuit monastery.
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The Astronomia nova is a book, published in 1609, that contains the results of the astronomer Johannes Kepler's ten-year long investigation of the motion of Mars.
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With his telescope Galileo discovered craters on the Moon, spots on the Sun, Moons of Jupiter, phases of Venus, and stars in the Milky Way.
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Galileo published a description of sunspots in 1613 entitled Letters on Sunspots saying the Sun and heavens are corruptible. The Letters on Sunspots also reported his 1610 telescopic observations of the full set of phases of Venus, and his discovery of the puzzling "appendages" of Saturn and their even more puzzling subsequent disappearance.
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Galileo's magnum opus uses the laws of physics to refute the Aristotelian contention that the Earth is the center of the solar system and supports the heliocentric Copernican view. Galileo presents the doctrine of uniformity, which claims that the laws of terrestrial physics are no different than the laws of celestial physics.
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In this landmark work, Descartes discusses how motion may be represented as a curve along a graph, defined by its relation to planes of reference
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Torricelli's invention measures air pressure, demonstrating that air does indeed have weight, and that the pressure caused by that weight differs in different situations.
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is the name given by historians of science to the period that roughly began with the discoveries of a scientist named Kepler at the beginning of the 1600s and ended when Sir Isaac Newton wrote a book called Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica in 1687.
