-
In early civilizations such as Mesopotamia and Egypt, merchants promoted goods through verbal recommendations and visual signage. Word-of-mouth, coupled with product symbols carved into stones or clay, was among the first recognizable forms of marketing (Play Media, n.d.).
Think of ancient wine jars marked with specific symbols—a precursor to today’s logos like the Nike swoosh or Apple logo. -
AI, chatbots, predictive analytics, and automation tools are reshaping customer experiences. AI tools now drive everything from chatbots to predictive analytics and content personalization. Platforms like HubSpot and ChatGPT help marketers automate workflows and tailor messages in real time (Pinckney Harmon, 2023).
Netflix uses AI to recommend shows based on user behavior. Similarly, Amazon’s product suggestions are based on a blend of AI, behavioral data, and predictive modeling.