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13th Amendment was approved
Abolished slavery in the United States -
Period: to
Reconstruction Era
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End of Civil War
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President Lincoln was assassinated
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Andrew Johnson becomes prestident
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Mississippi and other states enact the Black Codes
These laws imposed severe restrictions on freed slaves. Like prohibiting their right to vote, forbidding them to sit on juries, limiting their right to testify against white men, carrying weapons in public places and working in certain occupations. They canceled out the 13th,14th, and 15th amedment because even though some blacks were considered citizens they still didn't have any civil rights. -
Civil Rights Act passed despite Johnson's earlier veto
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Memphis Riot
After a shooting altercation between white policemen and black soldiers recently mustered out of the Union Army, mobs of white civilians and policemen rampaged through black neighborhoods and the houses of freed slaves. 46 blacks and 2 whites killed, 75 persons injured, over 100 persons robbed, 5 women raped, and 91 homes, 4 churches and 8 schools burned -
Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution approved by Congress
provided blacks with citizenship -
New Orleans Riot
When the constitutional convention members left the building they were met by the black marchers led by a marching band. On the corner of Common and Dryades streets across from the mechanics institute there was a group of armed whites standing and waiting for the black marchers. It is not known which group fired first but within minutes there was a battle in the streets. The black marchers were unprepared for a fight and the white mob outside brutally attacked them. -
Period: to
The first, second and third Reconstruction Acts are passed.
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Fourteenth Amendment ratified.
provides a broad definition of citizenship and rights -
Fourth Reconstruction Act passed.
Entitles all persons born or naturalized in the United States to citizenship and equal protection under the laws of the United States. -
Ulysses S. Grant becomes president
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Fifteenth Amendment ratified
The Fifteenth Amendment gave the vote to all male citizens regardless of color or previous condition of servitude. -
Joseph H. Rainey, first black member sworn in as member of U. S. House of Representatives
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The Ku Klux Klan Act is passed.
The Klu Klux Klan was formed to restore white supremacy by threats and violence, including murder, against black and white Republicans. The act was intended to protect African Americans from violence. -
The Civil Rights Act is passed.
It gives blacks equal access to public accommodations. -
Rutherford B. Hayes becomes president
Hayes become president because of the Compromise of 1877.
The Compromise of 1877 was an informal, unwritten deal that settled the disputed 1876 U.S. Presidential election and ended reconstruction, on the understanding that Hayes would remove the federal troops in South Carolina, Florida and Louisiana. -
Francis L. Cardozo elected as Secretary of SC for 9 years; Left office