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Baptist and Methodist prominent. circuit riders, disruptive in south bc criticize slavery,
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free slave pop raises from 8% to 13%
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walked to freedom in 1826
preacher in perfectionism 1828
The narrative of sojourner Truth / Aint I a woman Speech
black men right to fight for Union Army -
infrastructure (canals) set off gradual transformation from agrarian to capitalist society
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becomes popular Presbyterian minister, social reformer, abolitionist movement, save souls=social reform
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Invented in 1794 transformed the south
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vast network of people who helped fugitive slaves escape to North US or Canada
travel at night, only knew next stop -
1 mill slaves forced to migrate to deep south for cotton plantations, brought religion with them from VA
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btw England and US over trade blockades, impressment, and crow backing native americans in attempts to thwart westward expansion
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ratified by congress ending war of 1812
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black abolitionist who escaped bondage at age 20, Lincoln consults, spokesperson for anti slavery, positive
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500 in NYC
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Mexico won independence from Spain
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from MO through KS to Mexican city of Santa Fe
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ordained minister, pastor of Female Missionary Society, sermons very structured, inspired others
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hudson river (Albany) to lake erie (Buffalo)
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Charles Finney too radical, "New Measures" , women could pray publicly in mixed company
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Joseph Smith translated golden plates in 1827, 1823 met angel, 1820 1st vision, 1830 publish book of Mormon and est Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. Denied legitimacy of govt
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granted land in present day Oklahoma and Kansas, Cherokee took to supreme court
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Charles Finney preached 98 sermons used common and vulgar language
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forced migration of native americans to the west led by General Winfield Scott
14000 march 1200 miles 3000 die -
Turner along with 70 armed slaves kill 50-60 whites in uprising that was put down by white militia. Rebellion led VA to enact harsher slave laws- leading many free slaves to head North.
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Founded by William Lloyd Garrison, teams up with Grimke sisters in 1839, used mass communication, political campaigns
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made with minor Cherokee faction but all have to leave and follow
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intellectual mvmt started in NE, knowledge from imagination and intuition, not logic and thought
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Henry David Thoreau
Margaret Fuller
Walt Whitman -
Texas gains independence from Mexico
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Grimke sisters grew up on plantation in SC and wrote about horrors of slavery
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John Humbrey, perfectionism, complex marriage, founded Oneida manufacturing
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78% of pop can read/write
91% whites can read/write
foundation laid for govt to take over education system -
explodes
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offshoot of American Anti Slavery society, did not allow women
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Tippacanoe and Tyler too, Harrison first president to actively campaign for office, died after inaugural speech of pneumonia
Tyler accidental president didn't abide by Whig principles -
discovered insane women jailed with men, set out to change, create mental institutions
womens rights and prisoners rights -
Cult of Domesticity- handbook on what women were supposed to do
womens education, founds highschool for young women -
transcendentalist communal experiment, nobody could farm
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established in 1830, 2170 mile trail from MO to OR
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treaty between English and US settled disputed territory in the north (maine).
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movement of people west via the Oregon Trail
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get to Utah in 1851, denounced plural marriage to join
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thought that Americans had God-given right to expand from Atlantic to pacific because of population growth
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Navy Commander john sloat
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28th state
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With the annexation of Texas into the US, that Mexico still considers its territory, countries square off after diplomatic US mission attacked
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declared independence of mexico in October 1845
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first womens rights convention
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womens rights activist. organizes Seneca falls
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bad timing= eve of civil war, began in Seneca falls
reform movements led women to demand equal rights
slavery big issue for them too -
gold strike caused many to move out west
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ended Mexican American war
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ran away from slavery and returned to help more than 300 slaves escape, reward on head from fugitive slavery law, served during civil war for union
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Va home to more than half of slave population, as more states form slaves are forced to migrate to deep south for cotton plantations
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with the invention of the cotton gin, cotton becomes most profitable crop and a way of life which differs greatly from the North
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unanimously voted 149-0
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Miss, FL, Ala, GA, LA, TX (only one to do popular vote)
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met in Montgomery AL
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Confederate Attack on Fort Sumter in South Carolina, Maj Robert Anderson surrendered on April 13th to Confederates
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first major battle, small tributary of Potomac near Monassas VA, messy disorganized battle, Jackson replenishes Confederate and they win
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aka battle of Pittsburgh landing, Grant led union force on Tennessee river, won after reinforced
23,000 casualties all together -
Lee struck first as Gen Pope was awaiting reinforcement by McClellan , pope forced to withdraw to Washington on the 30th
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Lee idea to split forces and go into PA and MD discovered by McClellan and attacked Lee on Antietam Creek
bloodiest single day of fighting 22,000 casualties
confederates retreated -
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est by Elizabeth Cady Stanton so women from north and south could gain political power
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six week long siege Grant surrounds Pemberton in Vicksburg and captures city after 40 days
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transformation of 11 ex-confederate states by congress following civil war
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major battle, Jackson mortally wounded, strategic victory for Lee,
Lee faced Hookers 132,000, divide army with Jackson and attacked Lee won but lost Jackson -
turning point of civil war, Meade beats Lee in PA
costly battle 50,000 casualties -
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Sherman attacks Bell to seize rail and supple of Atlanta, union won, Sherman burns city to destroy morale of southerners
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took over a month after Lincolns assassination
unapologetic racists from Tenn
Allowed all south to return
pardoned all southerners -
codes following civil war that restricted African Americans freedom, forcing them to work for low pay in labor system
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emancipation proclamation did not free all from bondage, therefore congress passed 13th amendment abolished slavery except as a punishment for crime
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Sheridan faced off against dwindling confederates there for supplies,
Grant 120,000 vs Lee 30,000
Lee surrendered to Grant -
at Ford Theater by James Wilkes Booth, died at 722 am April 15th
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abolished slavery in the US
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in response to black codes, prohibited any curtailment of citizens rights
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met in new York one month after conclusion of civil war, equal rights for ALL, merged with American Anti-slavery Society forming American Equal Rights Association
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dissolved state govt and divided the south into 5 military districs, forced states to ratify 14th amendment
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begin to see south transform with some republican support and African Americans elected
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all people born in the US are citizens, due process of law, equal protection of all people
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roughly 700 registered
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prevents the denial of a citizens vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude
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24 klan style murders in the south
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public school system in south, 2,000 African Americans served in offices, however white democrats returned to power