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Hitler Gains Power
Hitler made plans to take over Austria and Czechslovakia to add to the German Empire. Hitler sent his army into Austria to annex it. Then he went after Czechslovakia aftre World War I. In September 1938 Hitler demanded for Suedetenland but they refused and asked for France's help. -
France Falls
Benito Mussolini, from Italy, joined forces with Hitler to declare war on Great Britain and France. Italy attacked France from the south and by June 14 the Germans took over Paris. Two days later, France asked to Henri Petain to become their prime minister.On June 22, 1940, France fell.After France fell Charles de Gaulle went to London to set up a government in exile to reconquer France. -
Nonagression Pact
Germany and the Soviet Union signed a nonagression pact to agree tnot to attack each other, and who got to take over what territory. It was decided that Hitler got access to Poland. Since Hitler knew the Soviets wouldn't attack him, he decided to invade Poland. This led to France and Britain declaring war on Germany. -
Germany's Blitzkrieg Attack
Germany and the Soviet Union promised not to attack each other and divide Poland between themand the USSR to take over Findland and the Balitic countries. On September 1,1939, Hitler planned a surprise attack on Poland with trucks that carried more than 1.5 million soldiers. Thye captured Poland's capital Warsaw. Their strategy was called the lightning war or blitzkrieg by using fast-moving airplanes and tanks and took the enemy by surprise. -
France and Britrain declare War on Germany
France and Great Britain dclared war on Germany. Poland fell three weeks before the militaries responded. After Hitler's victory, he annexed the western half of Poland which had a large German population. -
Hitler's Surprise Invasion.
Hitler made a surprise invasion of Denmirk and Normand. He planned to buil bases along the Norwegian and Danish coasts to strike at Great Britain.He then went for Holland, Belgium, and Luxemburg to distract the Allies and get to Ardennes, and they went through the forest secretly to get to France. -
France Battles Back
The Germans trapped the Allied forces around the northern French city of Lille.Belgium surrendered, and the Allies escaped to Dunkirk. Great Britain went out to rescue the army. They sent 850 ships back and forth til June 4 that carried 338,000 soldiers to safety. -
Battle of Britain
Winston Churchil, the new British prime minister, declared that his nation would never give in. Hitler created Operation Sea Lion, and landed 250,00 soldiers on England's shores. By the summer of 1940, the Luftwaffe began bombing Britain. The radar was created, which told the number, speed, and direction of incoming war planes. Also engima, which got secret messages and RAF could send airplanes. But Hitler called off his attcaks and went after Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean. -
Lend-Lease Act
The Lend-Lease was passes, which meant that the president would lend or leases arms and supplies to countries vital to the U.S. By the summer of 1941, the US navy escorted Britsih ships carrying US arms and Hitler orderd submarines to sink their cargo ships. On September 4,1941, a German U-boat fired a Us destroyer in the Atlantic and responded by shooting German submarines on sight. -
Hitler Invades the Soviet Union
Hitler's plan to invade the Soviet Union was called Operation Barbarossa.The Soviet Union wasn't prepared for the attack when the Germans started their blitzkreig attack. The ivasion continued for weeks until the Germans pushed 500 miles into the Soviet Union . The Russians retreated, and used the same strategy they used on Napoleon by burning and destroying everything in the enemy's path. Leningrad was surrounded by German soldiers by Spetember 8, and they isolated the city. -
Japan Attacks Pearl Harbor
Early in the morning, sailors stationed at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii awoke to the Japanese attacking them By two hours, the Japanese sunk or severly injured 18 ships, eight were battleships, nearly the whole Pacific fleet. 2400 Americans were lilled and nearly 1000 wounded. The American people were stunned and the following day President Roosevelt made a speech asking Congress to declare war on Japan. Congress approves, so the Us was now in the war. -
Baatan Death March
The American and Fillipino soldiers held out for four months against the Imperial Japanese army while every other island in the Pacific and nation on Southeast Asia fell to the Japanese.General MacArthur palnned to ttack north from Baatan, defeat the Japanese Army, and push toward victory at the Japanese islands.On April 9, the Allies surrendered and sent to Camp O'Donnell where most Allied soldiers died by the time Japan surrendered after being attacked by American airplanes. -
Battle of Midway
In May 1942, Japanese Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto was to draw the U.S Pacific fleet into a battle to destroy it. He made a plan to invade Midway. Nimitz cracked the code and was provided with an outline of the Japanese plan of attack and the forces. Chuichi Nagumo launched 108 planes and seven scout planes, and the Japanese hangar decks were full of bombs.Americans had dive bombers approach the carriers which led to the Allies' victory. -
The Battle of Stalingrad
Hitler sent his sixth army to capture Stalingrad on the Volga River. The Luftwaffe had nightly bombings but Stalin stayed strong to defend his country.Germans controlled 90% of Stalingrad by Novemeber 1942. On Novemeber 19, the Sovet troops trapped the Germans in the city and cut off all their supples.On February 2, Geraman troops surrendered to the Soviets being half-starved and frostbitten. Only 90,000 were left out of 330,000.The Germans became defensive and the Soviets pushed them westward. -
D-Day Invasion
Brotish, Canadian, and American troops with some of the French resistance were involved in the invasion of Normandy. At 6:30 in the morning, they crossed the English Channel to arrive at the beaches. Thye planned to arrive on June 4, but the weather wasn't good. The invasion was a land, air, and naval battle.Allied forces came across the channel in boats and many also parachuted in for ground combat. The Allies were given the foothold they needed and the following year the Axis surrendered. -
Battle of the Bulge
Fuhrer decided to counterattcak in the weat hoping to split American and British back from retreating from the west and east.On December 6th German tanks broke through American defenses among an 85-mile fron tin the Ardennes. The Allies were caught off guard but manged to push back the Germans and win, and the Nazis retreated. -
Iwo Jima
Japan had about 22,000 soldiers under the command of Lieutenant Kuribayashi. Six American battle ships landed a barrage on the island three days prior to the attack. The Americans were led by Admiral Raymond Sprunance, The first day of the landings was February 19, but the American bombings were not effective. On Day 2, the Marines attacked Mount Suribuchi and it was taken the next day. The Japanese were trapped by March 11 around Kitano Pont ,and by March 26 the Allies won. -
Okinawa
The Japanese had 120,00 troops to defend Okinawa. The main landing was on April 1, Esater Sunday.The Navy and Coast Guard landed 16,000 troops while the Japanese built their main defensives across the Okinawa isthumus and the hilltops were their advantage. On June 23, 1945, Ushisimen and his cheif of staff comitted suicide and ended the battle. -
Hitler's Surrender
In late March 1945, the Allies rolled across the Khine river into Germany. By April 25, 1945, The Soviets surrounded the capital. Hitler hid in underground headquarters and married Eva Braan on April 28.He wrote his final address to the German people and two days later he shot himself after taking poison, and his wife poisoned herself as well. -
Germany's Unconditional Surrender
On May 7, General Eisenhower accepted the surrender of the Third Reich from the German military. Beacause Roosevelt died April 12, Harry Truman received news of the Nazis surrender. By May8, the surrender became official and was signed in Berlin.The United States and the other Allies celebrated V-E Day, or Victory in Europe Day. -
Potsdam Conference
The US, Great Britain, and China issued the Potsdam Declaration which demanded Japn's unconditional surrender. Japan was only willing to surrender if they could keep the emperor, so they turned down the declaration. -
Dropping the Bomb-Hiroshima
At 8:15 am, a B-29 bomber flew over Hiroshima to drop the bomb nicknamed "Little Boy". Little Boy was created using uranium-235 and had never actually been tested. This was one of the places seen as a good test location by the Target Comittee and they wanted it be internationally recognized when publicity on it was realeased.Their population was estimated to be about 350,00 and at least 70,000 people died immediately, and 70,000 people died within five years due to radiation. -
Dropping the Bomb-Nagasaki
At 11:02 am, a B-29 bomber flew over Nagasaki to drop the bomb nicknamed "Fat Man". Fat Man was created using plutonium-239. Their population was estimated to be about 250,00 and at least 70,00 people died by the end of the year. -
Japan Surrenders
Shortly after the bomb had been dropped the Soviet Union invaded Mnachuria and pushed the Japanese out. On September 2, Japan surrendered, and World War II was over. -
Yalta Conference
Josef Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill met to decide what to do with Germany and the world after World War II ended. They didn't want to make a harsh peace treaty like they di in Worl War I. It was different than the Treaty of Versailes. They wanted to make sure nothing like this never happened again.
