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German U-Boats were attacking allies ships and sinking them
Allies respond by having ships travel in convoys -
2,400 U.S military and civilians lost their lives.
18 ships and 350 planes were sunk/damaged
U.S intercepted the telegram from Japan saying that they were going to attack Pearl Harbour -
The U.S declares war on Japan
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Germany and Italy declare war on the U.S
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Prior to this battle, the Japanese were winning every battle and taking over the Pacific
U.S. and Australia stopped Japan from invading
Japan won the actual battle, but the allies were able to stop Japan invasion for the first time
U.S. was beginning to use the Island Hopping technique to weaken Japan’s forces -
U.S launched missiles on the Japanese on the pacific island called midway
The U.S was successful in the Battle of Midway
The Japanese lost 4 carriers, 275 planes, 4,800 men and their remaining vessels took lots of damage
The Americans only lost 1 carrier, a destroyer, 150 planes, and 307 men. -
Hitler hoped to capture Soviet oil fields.
When winter came around Hitler told the Germans to stay put.
The Soviets used this to their advantage and won the battle.
The Soviets lost 1,100,000 men
This was a huge turning point in the war -
During this time, Soviet Union was pushing into Poland and Allies were pushing north in Italy
156,000 Allied troops invaded
60 mile stretch of beach
4,000 landing crafts
600 warships
11,000 planes
Largest land-air-sea operation in history
4,900 U.S soldiers dead -
France was freed from Nazi Control
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German tanks broke through the American lines.
Fought in Belgium - Germany was trying to capture Antwerp
Very brutal battle - one of the most extensive of U.S. military
120,000 Germans died
80,000 Americans died -
The United Nations was set up
Took place before the war was over
Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill met to discuss post WW2 -
Island in the Pacific that was critical for U.S. win
27,000 Japanese held Iwo Jima
U.S. won
26,800 Japanese troops died
6,000 U.S. Marines died -
Japans last defensive stronghold
Japan used 1,900 Kamikaze attacks
110,000 Japanese died
7,600-12,500 Americans died
U.S won -
President Roosevelt dies at the beginning of his 4th term
The U.S went through a grieving period
Harry S. Truman, as Vice President becomes President -
Hitler and his Spouse Eva Braun commit suicide
Hitler ordered for their bodies to be burned -
The first part of the war was over
General Eisenhower accepted a surrender by the Third Reich -
This was a meeting between Truman, Churchill, and Stalin in Potsdam, Germany
They drew up a blueprint to disarm Germany and eliminate the Nazi Regime -
“Little Boy”
In 43 seconds, the city collapsed to dust -
“Fat Man”
Leveled half of the city -
Japan Offers unconditional surrender
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Similar trials held for Japanese war criminals
7 out of 28 leaders were found guilty and sentenced to death
U.S. occupied Japan for 6 years under the direction of General Douglas MacArthur -
Japan formally surrenders
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International tribunal court tried Nazi officials
12 of the 22 defendants were sentenced to death
200 other officials were found guilty, but given lesser sentences