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Indulgences were issued by the Catholic church to save people's loved ones from purgatory. They were very expensive and cost up to half of what a peasant makes in a year. Martin Luther said if the pope could save purgatory then he would do so out of love rather than making people pay for it.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/indulgence -
The lower classes tended to wear only the bare minimum or what they could afford. They wore things such as wool, linen, or sheeps skin. The upper class that could afford a much better quality of clothing such as extravagant dresses and the men wore tights and something similar to dress shirts that we wear today. Their clothing was made out of silk, satin, and velvet.
http://www-personal.umd.umich.edu/~cfinlay/sumptuary.html -
The poor people typically lived in small cabin type huts with one small window and a fireplace in it. The cabins smelled very badly but that's because pretty much everything smelled bad. The wealthy people had much larger homes with paved floored and different rooms in it. They sometimes included a bathroom unlike the homes of the peasants.
http://www.learner.org/interactives/middleages/morehome.html -
Most peasants ate vegetable scraps and bread, which is what they could afford. The bread that they ate was called black bread which was a bread that was charred so bad that the peasants could barely eat it. The wealthy ate meat and had much heartier meals than the peasants. The wealthy ate bread that could be chewed and ofter hosted a large feast for their wealthy counterparts.
https://www.ducksters.com/history/renaissance/daily_life_in_the_renaissance.php -
This is a poem written by the famous poet Petrarch, who was one of the "founding fathers" of the Renaissance and has written many other poems. It is about love and how much it hurts to be rejected.
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-worldhistory/chapter/literature-in-the-renaissance/ -
In the Catholic church, a huge part were relics. People would come from the other side of their country so they could see and pay their respect to them. The church would make people pay money so peasants could see the relics for only a couple of seconds.
http://catholicstraightanswers.com/what-are-relics/ -
Pope Martin V reclaimed land for the church, but not forcibly. He is most well known. Even though it was difficult he restored the Western Catholic church.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Martin-V -
He was a patron of the arts from the Renaissance, he was also extremely rich and held lots of political power. He funded many paintings and art pieces, so much so he is called the godfather of the Renaissance.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Cosimo-de-Medici -
The Mechanical clock helped people have a better grasp of time. Before the mechanical clock was invented people relied on the sun, and that is just kind of extra.
https://historyplex.com/renaissance-inventions -
This was an epic written by the famous poet Dante. It is about a man that journeys to heaven and to hell guided by another famous poet Virgil.
https://www.sparknotes.com/poetry/inferno/summary/ -
The printing press made mass production of books possible. Before the printing press was invented all the books were handwritten by scribes. The printing press also made Martin Luther's works much easier to spread.
https://historyplex.com/renaissance-inventions -
Leonardo da Vinci is arguably the most famous person in all of history. He was a scientist, inventor, mathematician, and artist. He painted the Mona Lisa which is also the most famous painting ever.
https://www.leonardoda-vinci.org/ -
Lorenzo did not fund as many works of art as his grandfather Cosimo de Medici but was still seen as a huge patron of the arts in the Renaissance. He funded a painter named Botticelli.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lorenzo-de-Medici -
Michelangelo was born on this day and would go on to paint some of the most famous paintings in the world. He painted famous paintings like The Creation of Adam, David, and many more.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Michelangelo -
Raphael was an artist and an architect from the Renaissance. He is not quite as famous as the other two on the timeline, but still affected art and how people painted each other. He is famous for paintings of other people.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Raphael-Italian-painter-and-architect -
Martin Luther was born in 1483 and would go on to change Christianity forever. He was originally going to be a lawyer but whilst being caught in a bad storm he swore to God that he would be a monk if he survived. He would go on to be a doctor in theology and question the Catholic church about indulgences and many other things.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Martin-Luther -
The eyeglasses have made the vision for people much better. Without them, people might be blind or not be able to drive by themselves.
https://historyplex.com/renaissance-inventions -
The Mona Lisa painted by Leonardo Da Vinci is arguably the most famous painted ever. It is in the Louvre in France. Whoever is on the painting isn't known for sure, but it is speculated to be Lisa del Giocondo who was the wife of a wealthy merchant in Italy.
https://www.thelocal.fr/20190313/italy-should-take-back-the-mona-lisa-from-france-jokes-salvini -
The Creation of Adam was created by Michaelangelo. It is in the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican city. The pope was mad at Michaelangelo because Adam is naked.
http://www.italianrenaissance.org/michelangelo-creation-of-adam/ -
Martin Luther put his 95 theses on the door of a church because he wanted the Catholic church to realize their wrongdoings and change. After he did this he became one of the most famous man in western history.
https://www.history.com/topics/reformation/martin-luther-and-the-95-theses -
The peasant's war was an uprising by German peasants during the protestant reformation. Even though the uprising was in Luther's name, Martin Luther condemned the uprising. Many peasants were killed because of it.
https://www.britannica.com/event/Peasants-War -
The Scientific method is a way for a scientist to solve a problem. The method was originally created by Gallalio Gallali but was refined but other scientists such as Isaac Newton and Francis Bacon.
https://www.ducksters.com/history/renaissance_science.php -
Before breakthroughs in astronomy, everyone believed that the earth was the center of the universe. But a man named Nicholas Copernicus had a new notion that the sun was at the center of the universe and the Earth span around it. Then, later on, when Galileo improved the telescope he could observe the planets much easier.
https://www.ducksters.com/history/renaissance_astronomy.php -
This was a poem written by Christopher Marlowe in the late Renaissance around the same time Shakespeare was writing his plays and epics.
https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/christopher-marlowe -
These laws were written by none other than Isaac Newton. They were produced in a book called Philosophiae Naturalis Principia. It is said that Newton was inspired by an apple falling from an apple tree.
https://www.ducksters.com/biography/scientists/isaac_newton.php
