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House Un-American Activites Committe(HUAC)
-An investigative committee of the U.S House of Representatives created in 1938 to inquire into rebellious activates in the U.S (it was established in 1975).
-In the mid 1940's, the committee focused its investigations on searching for communists in the United States.
-Most famos for investigating Alger Hiss and for the "blacklisting" of many Hollywood actors.
-Often inaccurately associated with Joseph McCarthy, who was a Senator(not a member of the house). -
G.I Bill esatblished
-Wanted to create benefits and jobs for soldiers coming back from World War 2.
-Benefits; low cost mortgage, start up loans for business low interest
loans, payed soldiers to go to college.
-Economy was greatly improving in the U.S with the help of the G.I Bill. -
Truman Doctrine
-Purpose; the U.S made the policy to help stop the spread of communism and keep communism contained.
-Was created to free a smaller country from a bigger force(communist).
-Containment policy; is to stop the spread of communism to other countries.
-Domino theory; if one state came under communism the rest would follow. -
Marshall plan
-In 1947 Secretary of State George Marshall proposed an economic program to contain communism.
-His Marshall Plan supported economic aid to Europe and generated increased trade between the U.S and European nations.
-Marshall received the 1953 Nobel Peace Prize for the plan. -
North Atlantic Treaty Organization(NATO)
Purpose; safeguard the freedom and security of its members through political and military means.
Why It Was Created; Protect each other from thr Soviet Union members;U.S, UK Canada, and 9 northern Western European countries.
-Stands for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
-Soviet response; They tried to expand and made the Warsaw Pact(defense treaty among eight communist states). -
Rock & Roll
-A form of popular music that evolved in the 1950's from rhythm and blues; characterized by the use of electric guitars, a strong rhythm with an accent on the offbeat, and youth-oriented lyrics it characterized a generational divide between youths and adults. -
Air-Conditioning(Man Made Weather)
-Modern A/C invented in 1902 but not put to widespread use until after WW2.
-Used 1st in a theater in the South used TV A/C & cars killed use of front porch gatherings and drove up to use electicty.
-Jobs & people migrated to the South because of the use of A/C(people can escape the southern heat)
-With more jobs and people in the South A/C helped boosted the economy. -
Senate hearings led by Joseph McCarthy
RED SCARE 2 also McCarthyism McCarthvism- term coined by political cartoonist Herbert Block in a 1950 cartoon in reference to Senator Joseph McCarthy.
-The fear of communism (a second Red Scare) increased throughout the 1950's extreme opposition to communism gained the name.
-"McCarthyism" from the efforts of Senator McCarthy in 1950 announced that communists worked in the State Dept. He identify known communists and accused others due to 1000's FALSELY ACCUSED he lost the senators race. -
Sputnik launch (RUSSIA)
-Important to the U.S; Sputnik launch U.S-Soviet space race President of the U.S; Dwight Eisenhower (WW2 General) head of Soviet Union: Nikita Khrushchev. -
Creation of NASA
-importance to the U.S was the first space program made by the U.S after Russia launched the 1st space craft(Sputnik) U.S also pushed for more MATH & SCIENCE education in school people: pres. Eisenhower -
Berlin Wall
-In 1961, the Soviet backed the East German government (GDR) began constructing a fence to halt the flow of human resources from the East to the West.
-The wall was a symbol of the division of East and West for the reminder of the Cold WR until it was taken down in 1989.
-Iron Curtain- the phrase used by Winston Churchill to describe the division of Europe between communist and democratization. -
President Kennedy "moon" speech
-We choose to go to the moon speech.
-meant to presuade the American people to support the effort of NASA to send a manned space flight to the moon. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
-During the October 1962 crisis, President John F. Kennedy warned Soviet leader Nikita.
Khrushchev that an attack launched on the U.S from missiles based in Cuba would would be considered an attack from the Soviet Union.
-In 1963 Kennedy secured nuclear test-ban treaty with the Soviets.
-Direct communication between the White House and the Kremlin was enacted so the nations leaders could communicate in times of crisis.