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the United States Constitution protects the right to keep and bear arms -
Congress make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting its free exercise
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No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
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guarantees the right to a grand jury, forbids “double jeopardy,” and protects against self-incrimination.
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ensures that citizens' civil cases can be heard and decided upon by a jury of their peers
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Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
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The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
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protects people from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government. -
The Sixth Amedment guarantees the rights of criminal defendants, including the right to a public trial without unnecessary delay, the right to a lawyer, the right to an impartial jury, and the right to know who your accusers are and the nature of the charges and evidence against you.\
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The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. -
prohibits federal courts from hearing cases in which a state is sued by an individual from another state or another country.
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Congress does not have the power to pass laws that override the Constitution, such as by expanding the scope of the Supreme Court's original jurisdiction.
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The Electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President -
A case in which the Court decided that the Second Bank of the United States could not be taxed by the state of Maryland,
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forbade states from enacting any legislation that would interfere with Congress's right to regulate commerce among the separate states
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the Court ruled that the charter of the Charles River Bridge Company did not exclude the state of Massachusetts from chartering another bridge nearby
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the Supreme Court held that former slaves did not have standing in federal courts because they lacked U.S. citizenship, even after they were freed.
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Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.
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No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States
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granted African American men the right to vote.
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the Supreme Court held that former slaves did not have standing in federal courts because they lacked U.S. citizenship, even after they were freed.
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upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the “separate but equal” doctrine
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the Court ruled that a New York state law setting maximum working hours for bakers violated the bakers' right to freedom of contract under the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
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allows Congress to levy a tax on income from any source without apportioning it among the states and without regard to the census.
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allowing voters to cast direct votes for U.S. senators
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The First Amendment does not protect speech that is designed to undermine the United States in war by fueling sedition and disorder.
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prohibited the “manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors".
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The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex -
A suit by an individual, as a past and future federal taxpayer, to restrain the enforcement of an act of Congress authorizing appropriations of public money
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set a legal precedent that states may sterilize inmates of public institutions
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Prior restraints on speech are generally unconstitutional, such as when they forbid the publication of malicious, scandalous, and defamatory content.
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The 21st Amendment ended prohibition
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sets the inauguration date for new presidential terms and the date for new sessions of Congress. -
An activity does not need to have a direct effect on interstate commerce to fall within the commerce power, as long as the effect is substantial and economic.
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limits an elected president to two terms in office, a total of eight years.
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the Supreme Court ruled that separating children in public schools on the basis of race was unconstitutional
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the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that under the 4th and 14th Constitutional amendments, illegally seized evidence could not be used in a state criminal trial.
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allows American citizens residing in the District of Columbia to vote for presidential electors, who in turn vote in the Electoral College for President and Vice President.
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, the Supreme Court ruled that school-sponsored prayer in public schools violated the establishment clause of the First Amendment.
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Equal protection requires that state legislative districts should be comprised of roughly equal populations if possible
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Equal protection requires that state legislative districts should be comprised of roughly equal populations if possible
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prohibiting any poll tax in elections for federal officials.
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Miranda was found guilty of kidnapping and rape and was sentenced to 20-30 years imprisonment on each count.
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the Court held that the Fourteenth Amendment prohibits governments from discriminating against individuals on the basis of race.
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In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation,
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the Court ruled that it is constitutional for American police to "stop and frisk" a person they reasonably suspect to be armed and involved in a crime.
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the Supreme Court established that speech advocating illegal conduct is protected under the First Amendment unless the speech is likely to incite “imminent lawless action.”
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the right to vote to American citizens aged eighteen or older.
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prevents members of Congress from granting themselves pay raises during the current session
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The United States Bill of Rights comprises the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution.
