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The National Socialist German Workers' party
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The European Crisis
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The Roaring Twenties
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Mussolini sets up the National Fascist Party in Italy
He pushed for total control and nationalism. His followers, the Blackshirts, used violence to attack his enemies, like communists and socialists. The party promised to fix Italy’s problems, and by 1922, Mussolini became prime minister, starting his fascist rule. -
General workers' strike in Italy
Workers protested for better pay and conditions, but it didn’t succeed. Mussolini’s Fascists used the chaos to get more control, and soon after, Mussolini became prime minister. -
March on Rome
Mussolini and his Fascist followers marched to Rome, demanding power. The king, scared of violence, let Mussolini become prime minister, which helped him start his fascist rule in Italy. -
Adolf Hitler attempts a coup d'état
Adolf Hitler attempted a coup d'état in 1923, known as the Munich Putsch, with the goal of overthrowing the government of the Weimar Republic. The failed attempt led to his arrest and subsequent imprisonment, where he wrote Mein Kampf. -
Creation of the USSR
Stalin prevailed and became general secretary for the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU). The Declaration of the Creation of the USSR was forming the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. -
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The Dawes Plan
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Death of Lenin
After he suffered from strokes. His death led to a power struggle between Stalin and Trotsky, with Stalin eventually taking control and becoming the leader of the Soviet Union. -
Stalin introduces his five-year plans
Stalin introduces his five-year plan to transform communist Russia into an industrial power on a par with capitalist countries. -
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The Young Plan
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The Wall Street Crash
This began when the stock market collapsed. This event it set off a disastrous sequence of events, and this marked the start of the great depression. Also the increasing number of impoverished families and the lack of available bank credit saw domestic demand for products. The crisis extended to economic sector, like companies went bankrupt and unemployment levels increased. -
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The Great Depression
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Adolf Hitler becomes chancellor (prime minister)
He used the Reichstag Fire as an excuse, he passed the Reichstag Fire Decree to arrest opponents, and later the Enabling Act, which gave him dictatorial powers. This marked the end of democracy in Germany and the start of Nazi rule. -
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Third Reich
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Roosevelt's New Deal
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The Nuremberg Laws
They were racist laws in Nazi Germany that stripped Jews of their citizenship, banned marriages between Jews and non-Jews, and defined who was considered Jewish. They marked the beginning of legal discrimination against Jews, leading to more persecution under the Nazi regime. -
Stalin introduces a new constitution
Stalin introduced a constitution which granted citizens more rights, such as universal suffrage. At the same time, he carried out a series of violent repressive campaigns called Purges. During this purges, he had a large number of senior members of his own party killed. -
The Night of the Broken Glass
It was a violent attack on Jews in Nazi Germany and Austria. Mobs destroyed Jewish businesses, synagogues, and homes, killed 90 Jews, and arrested thousands. It marked a major step in the Nazis’ brutal treatment of Jews, leading to more violence and the Holocaust.