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Catharine Beecher
19th Century teacher and writer who promoted equal access to education for women and advocated for their roles as teachers and mothers. -
Catharine Beecher
Wrote the book "A Treatise on Domestic Economy". The first FACS text book recognized by the Department of Education. -
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Ellen S. Richards
Activist for consumer education, nutrition, child protection, and the application of scientific and management principles to the family. -
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W.O. Atwater
Atwater was considered to be the "Father of Nutrition". Invented the Bomb Calorimeter and did studies of exercise metabolism. -
Justin Smith Morrill/Morrill Act of 1862
Granted revenues of the sales of millions of acres of federal lands to states in order to create higher education institutions. Also know as Land Grant Act of 1862. Justin Morrill was a Vermont Congressman. -
Land Grant University
Made it possible for women, working-class students, and students from remote areas to obtain undergraduate and professional education at low costs. Altogether, 69 land-grant schools were founded. -
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Martha Van Rensselaer
Cornell University Professor who developed Cooperative Extension Service Programs at Cornell University. NY -
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Carolyn Hunt
Hunt worked with Atwater. Attended several Lake Placid Conferences. Hunt was appointed first professor of home economics at the University of Wisconsin. -
W.O. Atwater
Received his PhD from Yale for studies on the chemical composition of corn. -
University of Arkansas (Fayetteville)
Land Grant University in Arkansas opened in 1872. -
University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff
Land Grant University in Arkansas founded in 1873 -
Ellen S. Richards
Class of 1873 - First woman graduate of M.I.T. -
Carolyn Hunt
Received B.S. degree in Chemistry from Northwestern -
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Lake Placid Conferences
A series of 10 conferences where Home Economics emerged as a discipline. The conferences were important in determining what exactly home economics was. -
Cornell University
Cornell University decided to offer full-time home economics courses. -
AAFCS
American Association of Family & Consumer Sciences is founded in 1909 -
Smith Lever Act of 1914
Helped farmers learn new agricultural techniques by the introduction of home instruction. (Agricultural Extension Act). -
Smith Hughes Act of 1917
Provided Federal Aid to the states for the purpose of promoting precollegiate vocational education in agricultural and industrial trades in home economics. -
Martha Van Rensselaer, Flora Rose, and Helen Canon
These three women co-wrote the book "A Manual of Homemaking". -
Martha Van Rensselaer
The League of Women Voters recognized Van Rensselaer as one of the 12 most important women in America. -
Vocational Education Acts of 1963
Replaced Smith Hughes Act with major changes. Implemented by John F. Kennedy -
Vocational Amendment of 1968
Emphasis changed from occupations to people. -
Vocational Amendment of 1973
The predecessor of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. Signed by President Nixon. -
Vocational Amendment of 1976
A bill to amend the Vocational Education Act of 1963. Purpose was to eliminate gender bias, stereotyping, and discrimination in vocational education. -
Carl Perkins Act
Originally authorized in 1984 to provide individuals with the academic and technical skills needed to succeed in a knowledge-and skill-based economy.
