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John Dalton
He made four atomic theories. 1) All matter is made of atoms. Atoms are indivisible and indestructible. 2) All atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties 3) Compounds are formed by a combination of two or more different kinds of atoms. 4) A chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms. -
Albert Einstein
He had a big influence on the development of the nuclear bomb. He was best known for his energy and matter equation, e=mc2. He discovered the law of photoelectric effect. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1921 for his services to theoretical physics. -
Earnest Rutherford
He was responsible for a series of discoveries in the fields of radioactivity and nuclear physics. He discovered alpha and beta rays, set forth the laws of radioactivity decay, and identified alpha particles as helium nuclei. Most importantly, he postulated the nuclear structure of the atom. -
Neils Bohr
He was a student of Rutherford and was part of his development of a new model of an atom. It's patented on the solar system and is called the planetary model. There are 4 principals for the model.
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4 Principals of the model
- Electrons occupy only certain orbits around the nucleus. Those orbits are stable and are called "stationary" orbits.
- Each orbit has an energy associated with it. The orbit nearest the nucleus has an energy of E1, the next orbit E2, etc.
- Energy is absorbed when an electron jumps from a lower orbit to a higher one. Energy is emitted when an electron falls from a higher orbit to a lower orbit.
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Wener Heisenberg
Heisenberg is best known for his uncertainty principle and theory of quantum mechanics, which he published at the age of twenty-three in 1925. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1932 for his subsequent research and application of this principle.