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Period: to
Reconstruction
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Period: to
Reconstruction
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Ten Percent Plan
President Lincoln wanted to bring the former Confederacy back to the Union. He wanted to forgive the rebel soilders, so he made a plan called the Ten Percent Plan. This plan was where a state could be readmitted to the Union if 10 percent of voters swore to a loyalty oath to the Union and to end slavery. -
Lincoln Re-Elected
Lincoln was re-elected due to his growth in popularity in leadership during the Civil War. Facing many problems, one of them was the Wade-Davis Bill. This bill was trying to forced states to accept African-Americans were not slaves and grant all the right to vote but it was vetoed because it was too harsh. -
Freedmen's Bureau
This was a bureau of Refugees made to help former black slaves and poor whites in the South. They provided food, shelter, medical help, made schools, and offered legal assistance. -
Lee Surrenders-Civil War Ends
At Appomattox, Virginia, General Lee Surrenders 28,000 troops to the Union. The Civil War was finally over. -
Lincoln is Assassinated; Johnson Becomes President
Actor John Wilkes Booth entered the presidential box at Ford's Theatre in Washington D.C., and fatally shot President Abraham Lincoln. As Lincoln slumped forward in his seat, Booth leapt onto the stage and escaped through the back door. After that Johnson is voted into office. -
Johnson Declares the Reconstruction Complete
President Johnson declares the reconstruction process complete. Outraged, Radical Republicans in Congress refuse to recognize new governments in Southern states. More than sixty former Confederates arrive to take their seats in Congress. -
Mississippi Enacts the First Black Codes
After the Thirteenth Amendment people wondered the staus of the blacks, so enacted a set of laws that restricted them from really being free.Mississippi’s law required blacks to have written evidence of employment for the coming year each January; if they left before the end of the contract, they would be forced to forfeit earlier wages and were subject to arrest. -
13th Amendment Approved and Ratified
This amenedment was abolishing slavery in the United States, except if it is a punishment of a crime. -
Radical Republicans
Radical Republicans are the wing of the Republican Party organized around helping slaves get their rights and become truley free. This was dangerous because they threatened the South by saying the slaves would be free, and they hated that. -
1st, 2nd, 3rd Reconstruction Acts
There were 3 acts.
1st:to provide for the more efficient Government of the Rebel States,
2nd:established and clarified that the military commanders held responsibility to register voters and hold elections in their territories.
3rd:gave supreme power to the five Union generals overseeing Reconstruction in the five districts of the South -
Johnson Impeached
Johnson was impeached in 1868. This was because he fired a disloyal member of his cabinet. Disloyal in the sense that he was refusing to carry out the president’s policies and was actively conspiring with the congressional majority against the president. -
14th Amendment Ratified
The 14th Amendment to the Constitution was ratified on July 9, 1868, and granted citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States,” and included former slaves recently freed. -
Ulysses S. Grant Elected
As president, Grant tried to make it peaceful between the North and South. He supported pardons for former Confederate leaders while also attempting to protect the civil rights of freed slaves. In 1870, the 15th Amendment, which gave black men the right to vote, was ratified. Grant signed legislation aimed at limiting the activities of white terrorist groups like the Ku Klux Klan that used violence to intimidate blacks and prevent them from voting. -
Sharcropping
Sharecropping is system of working land owned by others. After the Civil War the slaves gained their freedom and plantation owners had ample land but little money for wages to pay people to raise the crops. At the same time the former slaves who were mainly uneducated needed farming related work. The sharecropping system of farming provided the solution and solved the problem. The sharecroppers provided the labor the plantation, and the farm owners, provided everything else - at a price. -
15th Amendment Ratified
February 3, 1870, the 15th amendment granted African American men the right to vote. -
Enforcement Acts
The Enforcement Acts were three bills passed by Congress. They were criminal codes which protected African-Americans' right to vote, to hold office, to serve on juries, and receive equal protection of laws. -
Amnesty Act of 1872
This act was a United States federal law that removed voting restrictions and office-holding against most of the people who rebelled in the American Civil War, except for about 500 military leaders of the Confederacy. -
Freedmen's Bureau Terminated
Africans Americans demanded plots of land from the Freedmen's Bureau because they believed that freedom was manifested in land. However, many were against this idea. People believed they were not necessarily entitled to free land. He commenced to work in favor of terminating the Freedmen's Bureau. -
Lame-Duck Congress Passes Civil Rights Acts
In 1875, the lame-duck Republican-controlled Congress, in a last effort to protect what remained of Reconstruction, managed to pass a civil-rights bill that sought to guarantee freedom of access, regardless of race, to the "full and equal enjoyment". -
Disputed Election
The United States presidential election of 1876 was one of the most disputed presidential elections in American history. Samuel J. Tilden of New York won more votes than Ohio's Rutherford B. Hayes in the popular vote, and had 184 electoral votes to Hayes' 165, with 20 votes uncounted. -
Hayes Declared President; Reconstruction Ends
Hayes ended Reconstruction within his first year in office by taking out federal troops from states still under occupation. He made federal dollars available for infrastructure improvements in the South and helped Southerners to influential posts in high-level government positions. While these actions satisfied Southern Democrats, they also antagonized some members of Hayes’ own party. -
Compromise of 1877
The Compromise of 1877 was an unwritten deal that settled the intensely disputed 1876 U.S. presidential election, pulled federal troops out of state politics in the South, and ended the Reconstruction Era.
