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Required every town of fifty or more families hire a primary school teacher for young children, and that towns of one hundred or more families appoint a Latin teacher to prepare promising young men for entrance into Harvard College, where they would be educated for ministry.
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Anyone who had children under their guidence who had not learned to read and write by the age of 12 or learned a useful trade was charged a five-pound fine per child. (Massachusetts Bay Colony)
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Around this time dame schools were invented. (Widows or women whose children had grown would take a few local children and teach them basic lessosn in reading, writing, and arithmetic)
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Education was based on social classes and ethnic groups: Education was limited to privileged sons and daughters of plantation owners. Slaves were prohibited from learning to read. Plantation children received private tutoring or were sent to boarding schools.
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School buildings from property taxes
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Schools have to have committees
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The design of schools have been made to look like egg crates
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Huge boost to education in America. Land was given, but then to be sold to get money for a college to be put in the state. Justin Morrill wanted to provide education to all social classes.
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The story of Charlotte Forten: First African American graduate from Salem Normal School. She devoted her life to improving the lives of her own oppressed people.
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Money was given to make agrilcultural experiment stations and then to pass on the information.
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Included African Americans and Confederates in the first Morrill Act
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The Plessy decision set the law that "separate" facilities for blacks and whites were constitutional as long as they were "equal".
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More women were becoming teachers, but being paid less. They loved women teachers becaues they were more caring teachers and were able to be paid lower than the average male.
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Paid little, worked for a few months a year, and had many responsibilites outside of just teaching.
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Washington: thought keeping blacks seperate for education was good and would prepare them for realistic employment so they could establish themselves as contrivuting members of society. Du Bois: wanted equal education for all kids, even those of white children at the highest social classes
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Indian history and culture should be taught in dame schools
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Helped structure a work week, minimum wages, reduce child labor.
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Declared seperate schools for blacks and whites unconstitutional.
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Strengthened math/science
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Elementary and Secondary Education Act: Equal access to education and establishes high standards and accountability. The law authorizes federally funded education programs that are administered by the states for primary and secondary education.
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Reorganized the structure of immigration laws
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No Child Left Behind