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A period that began in Europe with the end of the Roman ages. It is known for slower economic and scientific development, increased religious conflict, and the spread of the bubonic plague.
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A set of syllables proposed by 11th century monk Guido of Arezzo to help singers remember the pattern of whole tones and semitones
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-The most prolific European composer before 1500
-Founded a convent near Bingen, Germany
-Set poetry to her own chant melodies rather than using preexisting melodies -
The Ars Nova Treatise had important innovations in notating rhythm, providing the earliest examples of isorhythm.
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A period of great change for European culture, literature, art, and music.
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Martin Luther wrote many texts and some melodies for Lutheran church music. "A mighty fortress is our God" is the best known.
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Arcadelt was a composer known for using themes of sex/death. He used extreme chromaticism and word painting to express emotions of a text.
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This work demonstrated that words could be intelligible in polyphonic music with 6 voices. Palestrina is known for saving polyphony from the Council of Trent.
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This is a parody imitation mass based on Victoria's own motet, which this Spanish composer was known for composing.
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Significance: Vivaldi wrote on commission and earned money through publications. 𝘓’𝘌𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘰 𝘈𝘳𝘮𝘰𝘯𝘪𝘤𝘰 is one of the many concertos published with a fanciful name, in part to attract buyers.
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Significance: 𝘛𝘳𝘢𝘪𝘵é 𝘥𝘦 𝘭’𝘩𝘢𝘳𝘮𝘰𝘯𝘪𝘦 quickly won Rameau renown as a theorist after settling in Paris to seek better opportunities.
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Significance: This is a collection of 48 preludes and fugues in all major and minor keys to be played on different types of keyboard instruments.
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Known by US president John Adams as "the most accomplished man in Europe," Saint-Georges directed one of the finest orchestras in Europe.
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