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Lord Rayleigh was born in Maldon, Essex, England.
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His theory of scattering was the first scientific work to correctly explain why the sky is blue.
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Lord Rayleigh was elected Fellow of the Royal Society and served as president from 1905 to 1908
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In 1894 Sir William Ramsay and Lord Rayleigh discovered the noble gases, which were added to the periodic table as group 0, which is now group 18.
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He was awarded the Copley Medal in 1899. The Copley Medal is an award given by the Royal Society of London for outstanding achievements in research in any branch of science, and alternates between the physical sciences and the biological sciences.
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He won the Nobel Prize in Physics, which is awarded once a year by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
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He died on 30 June 1919, in Witham, Essex. He was succeeded, as the 4th Lord Rayleigh, by his son Robert John Strutt, another well known physicist.