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Judicial Branch Project (Cases)
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Supreme Court
The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest federal court of the United States.It is the legal system of the United States, the Supreme Court is the final interpreter of federal constitutional law, although it may only act within the context of a case in which it has jurisdiction. Was established in 1789. -
Marbury v. Madison (Judicial Review)
William Marbury had been appointed a justice of the peace for the District of Columbia. When James Madison, refused to deliver Marbury’s commission, Marbury, joined by three other similarly situated appointees, petitioned for a writ of mandamus compelling delivery of the commissions. This became a serious case to some. -
Gibbons v. Ogden (State Rights, Commerce Clause)
Gibbons v. Ogden, was a landmark decision in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that the power to regulate interstate commerce, encompassed the power to regulate navigation.The case was argued by some of America's most admired and capable attorneys at the time. -
Dred Scott v Sandford (Slavery , due process)
Dred Scott was a Missouri slave and he sued for his freedom and not to be a slave.Courts argued against this but since his property was on free grounds he said that made him a free American Citizen. Later on the courts decided that he'd become a free person. -
Korematsu v. United States (Equal Protection)
Commanding General of the Western Command of the United States Army decided that all persons of Japanese ancestry should be excluded from the military area of San Leandro, California. The General felt that curfews imposed at the time were not sufficient to protect the area from the dangers of espionage and sabotage. Korematsu refused to leave his home and was convicted in federal court for staying at his home. Korematsu claims that this rule was racially discriminat -
Zorach v. Clauson (Church and State)
This was a case that was argued for half of the kids to leave part of the day for religous instruction. They had to have parents consent but most parents didn't like this so they started to sue the school for this and eventually they did not allow this anymore. -
Brown v. Board of Education (Segregation, equal protection)
Schools would not let blacks join white schools so, acknowledged as one of the greatest Supreme Court decisions of the 20th century, unanimously held that the racial segregation of children in public schools violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.This was when the state wanted seprate public schools for blacks and whites. -
Gideon v Wainwright (Right to Counsel, due process)
When Gideon was young he was charged with a felony and had to go to court, he was to poor to afford his own attorney, the judge declined to appoint counsel for him, so he had to represent himself in court. After this he filed a handwritten petition to the Supreme Court of the United States because of that. Now the courts made it a law that if you are to poor to afford an attorney they will provide you with one. -
Miranda v. Arizona (Self Incrimination, Due Process)
Miranda was accused of doing bad crimes and he plead guilty to it, but the police didn't tell him his fifth and sixth amendment protection, so this was taken to the supreme court and now the police had to determine the role in which they to reading you your rights. -
Tinker v. Des Moines (Freedom of Speech)
This was a bunch of kids in a school play showing their support for a truce in the Vietnam War. During the play they wore black armbands with peace symbols on them. Later the school decided if you are caught wearing an armband you'd be suspened if you refused to take it off. Parents tried to sue the schools for this but didn't suceed, so after that there were no more armbads. -
Roe v. Wade (Abortion, Right to Privacy)
It was decided simultaneously with a companion case, Doe v. Bolton. That a right to privacy under the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment extended to a woman's decision to have an abortion, but that this right must be balanced against the state's two legitimate interests in regulating abortions: protecting women's health and protecting the potentiality of human life. Arguing that these state interests became stronger over the course of a pregnancy, they said it'd not be illegal.
