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McCulloch v. Maryland
attempt by Maryland to destroy a branch of the bank of hte US by imposing a tax on its notes, most famous Marshall decision.. no national bank, upheld bank rights to exist and be free from taxes.
Chief Justice- John Marshall
Votes- 7-0 -
Dartmouth v. Woodward
Marshall rules that Dartmouth College's charter that had been granted by King George was to be upheld because it was a contract. Set precedent for protecting businesses from state governments. Example of federal law surpassing state law.
Chief Justice- John Marshall
Votes- 5-1 -
Marbury v. Madison
Marbury was denied an appointment as a Justice of the Peace and sued. Court set up the power of Judicial Review
Chief Justice- John Marshall
Votes 4-1 -
Gibbons v. Ogden
This case involved New York trying to grant a monopoly on waterborne trade between New York and New Jersey. Judge Marshall, reminded N.Y. that the Constitution gives Congress alone the control of interstate commerse.
Chief Justice- John Marshall
Votses- 7-0 -
Ex parte MIlligan
Supreme COurt decides that the suspension of habeas corpus was unconsitutional becuase civilian courts were still operatingm and the Constitution only provided for the suspension of habeas corpus if these courts are actually forced closed.
Chief Justice- Salmon Portland Chase
Votes- 9-0 -
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Case that legalized slavery nationwide, while holding that people of color had no rights or protection under the Constitution.
Chief Justice- Roger Brooke Taney
Votes- 7-2 -
Reynolds v. US
A Mormon wants more than one wife, but religious duty was not suitable defense to criminal indictment.
Chief Justice- Morrison Remick Waite
Votes- 7-2 -
US v. Knight
Case that limited the goverment's power to control monopolies.
Chief Justice- Melville Weston Fuller
Votes- 8-1 -
Plessy v. Ferguson
ruled that segregation public places facilities were legal as long as the facilites were equal.
Chief Justice- Melville Weston Fuller
Votes- 7-1 -
Schenck v. US
decides that any actions taken that present a "clear and present danger" to the public or government isn't allowed, the can limit free speech
Chief Justice- Edward D. White
Votes- 9-0 -
Korematsu v. US
Court upheld the order providing for the relocation of Japanese Americans
Chief Justice- Harlan F. Stone
Votes- 6-3 -
Brown v. Board of Education
court found that segregation was a violation of the Equal Protection clasue; "separate but equal" has no place
Chief Justice- Earl Warren
Votes- 9-0 -
Engel v. Vitale
Court decision holding state officials violated the First Amendment when they wrote a prayer to be recited by New York's school children
Chief Justice- Earl Warren
Votes- 6-1 -
Gideon v. Wainwright
Court unanimously ruled that state courts are required under the Sixth Amendment of hte Constitution to provider counsel in criminal cases for defendents unable to afford their own attorneys
Chief Justice- Earl Warren
Votes- 9-0 -
Katzenbach v. McClung
Restaurant denies service to blacks and prosecuted under interstate commerce act. Determined the racial discrimination has a direct and adverse effect on the free flow of interstate commerce.
Chief Justice- Earl Warren
Votes- 9-0 -
Griswold v. Connecticut
married couple wanted to get contraceptives; struck down a Connecticut law prohibiting the sale of contraceptives; established the right of privacy through the 4th and 9th amendment
Chief Justice- Earl Warren
Votes- 7-2 -
Miranda v. Arizona
Court held that criminal suspects must be informed of thier right to consult with an attorney and of their right against self- incrimination prior to questioning by police
Chief Justice- Earl Warren
Votes- 5-4 -
Roe v. Wade
legalized abortion on the basis of a woman's right to privacy
Chief Justice- Warren E. Burger
Votes- 7-2 -
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
Less qualified individuals can't be accepted for programs based only on their race. However, affirmative action is not unconsitutional.
Chief Justice- Warren E. Burger
Votes- 5-4 -
Texas v. Johnson
case in which the court struck down a law banning the burning of the American flag on the gorunds that such action was symbolic speech protected by the First Amendment.
Chief Justice- William Rehnquist
Votes- 5-4
