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Baruch Spinoza's Ethics, dealing with God, the mind and the emotions, is published shortly after his death
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In his Science of Knowledge Johann Gottlieb Fichte contrasts the I, or Ego, and its opposing non-I, or non-Ego
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US philosopher William James publishes his influential book The Varieties of Religious Experience.James believed that the study of the origin of an object or an idea does not play a role in the study of its value. He asserted that existential judgment, or the scientific examination of an object's origin, is a separate matter from that object's value.
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French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre expounds his theory of existentialism in Being and Nothingness ('L'Être et le néant')
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Columbia philosophers form new philosophy combining past philosophies
