History of Music (Middle Ages to Classical Era)

By rehitsch
  • 476

    Beginning of Middle Ages musical era

    The beginning of this time period depends on when you date the fall of the Roman Empire.
  • 754

    World's first pharmacy founded in Baghdad

  • 937

    First hospital in England established

  • 992

    Birth of Guido D'Arezzo

    Born in Italy
  • 1033

    Death of Guido D'Arezzo

  • 1098

    Birth of Hildegard Von Bingen

    Born in what is now Germany
  • 1120

    Birth of Perotin

    As with Leonin, we really don't know when he was born, but we do know he lived in the 12th century in France.
  • 1135

    Birth of Leonin

    Born presumably in France (his birth year is unknown; some say he was born in 1150)
  • 1150

    Founding of the University of Paris

    One of the prominent medical schools of the Middle Ages
  • 1179

    Death of Hildegard Von Bingen

  • 1201

    Death of Leonin

  • 1300

    Birth of Guillaume de Machaut

    Born in Northeastern France (Reims)
  • 1347

    Beginning of the Black Death in Europe

    introduction of Bubonic Plague in Sicily. During its height (1347-1351), anywhere from 75 to 200 million people died.
  • 1377

    Death of Machaut

  • 1390

    Publication of "Red Book of Hergest"

    One of the most influential Medieval texts about medicinal herbs.
  • 1400

    End of Middle Ages Music Period

    The end of this time period depends on when you date the beginning of the Renaissance.
  • 1400

    Beginning of Renaissance era of music

  • 1450

    Birth of Josquin

    Born in Picardy (which is now either Northern France or Belgium), but worked in Western France, Northern Italy, and Rome
  • 1500

    First record of a cesarian section

  • 1505

    Birth of Jacques Arcadelt

    Born in either France or Belgium, but mainly worked in Italy and France.
  • 1521

    Death of Josquin

  • 1525

    Birth of Palestrina

    Born in Palestrina (near Rome)
  • 1546

    Girolamo Fracastoro introduces pathogen theory

    Girolamo proposed that epidemic diseases were caused by the spread of airborne pathogens.
  • 1553

    Miguel Serveto describes pulmonary circulation

    He is burned at the stake for heresy because of this.
  • 1567

    Birth of Monteverdi

    Born in Cremona and mostly worked in Venice
  • 1568

    Death of Jacques Arcadelt

  • Death of Palestrina

  • End of Renaissance era

  • Beginning of Baroque era

  • Birth of Cozzolani

    Born in Milan and worked mostly in a Benedictine convent in Milan

  • William Harvey correctly describes the circulatory process

  • Death of Monteverdi

  • Birth of Purcell

    Born and mainly worked in London

  • Reemergence of the Bubonic Plague in London

  • First successful blood transfusion

    Richard Lower successfully performed a transfusion of lamb blood into a human.

  • Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovers blood cells

  • Death of Cozzolani

    Either 1676 or 1678

  • Birth of Vivaldi

    Born in Venice and mainly worked in Venice, as well as Mantua and Vienna

  • Birth of Bach

    Born in Central Germany and mainly worked in Leipzig.

  • Birth of Handel

    Born in Germany, but mainly worked in London

  • Birth of Scarlatti

    Born in Naples and worked in Naples, Rome, Venice, Palermo, Madrid, and Lisbon

  • Death of Purcell

  • Birth of Haydn

    Born in Rohrau, Austria, and mainly worked in Austria.

  • Claudius Aymand performs the first successful appendectomy

  • James Lind publishes his treatise claiming that citrus prevents scurvy

  • Death of Vivaldi

  • Death of Bach

  • End of Baroque Era

  • Beginning of Classical Era

  • Birth of Mozart

    Born in Salzburg, Austria and mainly worked in Vienna.

  • Death of Scarlatti

  • Death of Handel

  • Birth of Beethoven

    Born in Bonn, Germany, but worked mainly in Vienna.

  • First experimental proof of the action of gastric juice on food.

  • Death of Mozart

  • Edward Jenner performs the first successful smallpox inoculation

  • Humphry Davy discovers nitrous oxide's anesthetic effects

  • Friedrich Serturner isolates morphine

    This is considered to be the first isolation of an active ingredient from a plant.

  • First recorded attempt of endoscopy

  • Death of Haydn

  • Invention of the stethoscope

  • End of Classical Era

  • Death of Beethoven