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Education reform in the U.S. has a rich and varied history. In the 1800s, Horace Mann created the
first publicly funded school system
at the elementary level, with an emphasis on teacher training, and universal and secular education. -
As a response to the social reforms linked to the industrial revolution, John Dewey launched the progressive education movement.
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The Supreme Court decision that ruled racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional
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"No person in the United States shall, on the ground of race, color, or national origin, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance."
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Title IX is a comprehensive federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any federally funded education program or activity.