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Scientific Method
Sir Fancis Bacon publish "The Proficience and Advancement of Learning," which contains a description of what would later be known as the scientific method.
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Boyle's Law
A description of the relationship specifically between pressure and volume created by Robert Boyle.
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Isolation of Carbon Dioxide
Joseph Black isolated carbon dioxide, which he called "fixed air."
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Law of Conservation of Mass
Antoine Lavoisier developed his law of conservation of mass, also called Lavoisier's Law.
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Dalton's Atomic Theory
"1.Elements are made of extremely small particles called atoms.
2.Atoms of a given element are identical in size, mass, and other properties; atoms of different elements differ in size, mass, and other properties.
3.Atoms cannot be subdivided, created, or destroyed.
4.Atoms of different elements combine in simple whole-number ratios to form chemical compounds.
5.In chemical reactions, atoms are combined, separated, or rearranged."
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Ernest Rutherford
In this year, he renamed a previously discovered type of radiation. They used to be called alpha or beta rays, but Rutherford changed it to gamma rays due to their much greater penetrating power.
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J.J. Thomson
"Thomson investigated positive rays, which consist of ionized atoms, beginning in 1906. He was able to use a combination of electric and magnetic fields to separate different charged atoms of elements on the basis of their charge/mass ratios. He was the first to show that neon contained two atoms of slightly different masses, in a paper published in 1913."
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Discovery of Atomic Structure
Ernest Rutherford and Niels Bohr discovered the structure an atom, and by Marie and Pierre Curie of radioactivity, scientists had to change their viewpoint on the nature of matter.
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Neils Bohr
Creation of "The Bohr Model," which is a model of the atom in which the electrons orbit around the atom nucleus.
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