Filosofia

Historical perspective of philosophy

By evalerom
  • 624 BCE

    Thales

    Thales
    (Thales' day of birth)
  • Period: 600 BCE to 450 BCE

    Pre-Socratic philosophy

    This philosophy used to offer a rational explanation of the reality of nature and proposed the existence of one or many substances called "arche". Important phylosophers: Thales,Heraclitus,Parmenides and Democritus.
  • 540 BCE

    Heraclitus

    Heraclitus
    (Heraclitus' day of birth)
  • 515 BCE

    Parmenides

    Parmenides
    (Parmenides' day of birth)
  • 495 BCE

    Zeno

    Zeno
    (Zeno's day of birth)
  • 470 BCE

    Socrates

    Socrates
    (Socrates' day of birth)
  • 460 BCE

    Democritus

    Democritus
    (Democritus' day of birth)
  • 450 BCE

    Sophists

    Sophists
    The Sophists were orators and public speakers. They were gifted with speech. They were skilled in what becomes known as Rhetoric. They were respected, feared and hated.
  • Period: 450 BCE to 332 BCE

    Classical philosophy

    Philosophy changed it focus from the natural area to humans and their way of living in society. Important philosophers:Sophists,Socrates,Plato and Aristotle.
  • 435 BCE

    Euclid

    Euclid
    (Euclid's day of birth)
  • 427 BCE

    Plato

    Plato
    (Plato's day of birth)
  • Period: 400 BCE to 301 BCE

    Plato and Aristotle formulated many of the fundamental questions which determined the evolution of philosophy.

  • 384 BCE

    Aristotle

    Aristotle
    (Aristotle's day of birth)
  • 341 BCE

    Epicurus

    Epicurus
    (Epicurus' day of birth)
  • Period: 322 BCE to 101 BCE

    Hellenistic philosophy

    Philosphy was divided into two tendences: Moral philosphy in Athens, where Epicurean and Stoic (Important schools of philosophy) where created and the investigation of the natural world in Alexandria. Important philosophers: Epicurus,Zeno,Euclid and Archimedes.
  • 287 BCE

    Archimedes

    Archimedes
    (Archimedes' day of birth)
  • Period: 101 BCE to 476

    Christian philosophy

    There were plenty of attemps to create a synthesis between philosophy and Christianity. Important philosophers: Plotinus,Pophyry and Augustine of Hippo.
  • 205

    Plotinus

    Plotinus
    (Plotinus' day of birth)
  • 234

    Phorphyry's

    Phorphyry's
    (Phorphyry's day of birth)
  • 354

    Augustine of Hippo

    Augustine of Hippo
    (Day of birth of Augustine of Hippo)
  • Period: 501 to 1301

    Middle Ages philosophy

    At the beginning of this period there was a cultural stanstill. After the 9th century, culture started to prosper and a way of thought named scholasticism was created. It adressed the relationship between faith and reason, rational evidence for the existence of god and the inmortality of souls. The main philosopher was Saint Thomas Aquinas.
  • 1225

    Saint Thomas Aquinas

    Saint Thomas Aquinas
    (Saint Thomas Aquinas' day of birth)
  • Period: 1300 to

    The Renaissance

    Classical Greco-Roman authors were explored and studied. Modern science was developed in the scientific revolution.Humanism is conceived of as an exaltation of the value of humanity. Important philosophers: Galileo Galilei,Newton.
  • 1564

    Galileo Galilei

    Galileo Galilei
    (Galileo's day of birth)

  • Descartes

    Descartes
    (Descartes' day of birth)
  • Period: to

    17 century philosophy

    Philosophers focused their interert on quetion related to the unknowledge of reality. Teo essential branches of philosophy emerged: Racionalism (Descartes,Spinoza and Leibniz)) which defend the supremacy of reason over the senses in gaining knowledge and Empiricists (Locke and Hume) which maintain that reliable knowledge can come only from information senses give to us.

  • Locke and Hume

    Locke and Hume
    (Locke's day of birth)

  • Newton

    Newton
    (Newton's day of birth)

  • Voltaire

    Voltaire
    (Voltaire's day of birth)
  • Period: to

    Enlightenment

    During this period philosophy believed that society had to be improved. Philosophers said that it would be achieved by educating the population and cultivating freetought. Kant proposed a combination of rationalism and empiricism. Important philosophers: Rousseau,Voltaire and Kant.

  • Rousseau

    Rousseau
    (Rousseau's day of birth)

  • Kant

    Kant
    (Kant's day of birth)

  • Hegel

    Hegel
    (Hegel's day of birth)
  • Period: to

    Contemporary phylosophy

    It is characterised by having diverse philosophical trends.Attention was focused on particular aspects of reality. Some essential themes were society,morality,history and human existence. Some of the most important philosophers were Hegel,Marx,Nietzsche(19th Century) and Russell, Wittgenstein,sartre, Ortega y Gasset and Habermas (20th Century).
  • Period: to

    Some contemporary trends and schools of thought are:

    Phenomenology,Existentialism,Analytical Philosophy,Structuralism, Hermeneutics,Frankfurt School,Post-structuralism,Science and technology studies and several trends of feminism.

  • Marx

    Marx
    (Karl's day of birth)

  • Nietzsche

    Nietzsche
    (Nietzsche's day of birth)

  • Russell

    Russell
    (Russell's day of birth)

  • Ortega y Gasset

    Ortega y Gasset
    (José's day of birth)

  • Habermas

    Habermas
    (Habermas' day of birth)