-
Period: 476 to 1492
MIDDLE AGE
Medieval literature groups together all the written artistic productions of Europe dating from the thousand years of the Middle Ages, characterised by the rise of an agrarian feudal society -
1000
Beowulf o Beovulfo
It is a long epic poem of Anglo-Saxon origin and unknown author, whose composition date is unknown (but it is estimated between the 8th and 12th centuries). -
1100
The Song of Roldán
Titled La Chanson de Roland in its original French, it is an epic poem thousands of verses long, composed in the late 11th century and attributed to Turoldo, a Norman monk -
1200
The Song of Mío Cid
Another anonymous deed song, inspired by the last days of the Cid Campeador, the Castilian knight Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar. A version of around the year 1200 is preserved -
1343
The Song of the Nibelungs
It is a collection of 24 stories written by the English writer and diplomat Geoffrey Chaucer. -
1353
The Decameron
A compendium of short stories and novels written by the Italian humanist Giovanni Boccaccio -
Period: 1492 to
RENAISSANCE
Renaissance is known as the cultural and artistic movement that emerged in Italy between the XIV and XVI centuries. It spread to all of Europe.
The purpose of renaissence is where the man focuses all his activity as such, the cult of life and love of nature. -
1508
THE AMADÍS DE GALUA
An anonymous author, it is the masterpiece of the Spanish medieval tradition, and one of the most famous chivalric books, it dates from the 13th or 14th century and narrates the adventures of Amadís, son of King Perión, a knight errant. -
1532
Niccolò Machiavelli (Nicolas Maquiavelo)
was an Italian politician and writer. Often considered to be the father of political philosophy.
Most known work: II Principe (The prince -
1578
Pierre de Ronsard
was a French poetry writer, his main literary tendency was La Plèiade, a movement that originated from French Renaissance.
Pierre de Ronsard was a French poetry writer, his main literary tendency was La Plèiade, a movement that originated from French Renaissance. -
William Shakespeare
Is considered to be the best English writer and dramatist. He initially wrote comedy and histories, but then took into tragedies, which sprouted his best and most famous works.
Most known work: Romeo and Julliet -
Miguel Cervantes
was, and still is, widely regarded as the greatest Spanish writer of the Renaissance if not of all time.
Most known work: El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha (The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha / Don Quixote). -
Jean-Baptiste Poquelin- Moliére
Moliére, real name Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, he was a French baroque writer and actor, his works revolted around tragedies and its sub genres.
Most known work: Tartuffe (The Impostor). -
John Milton
was a poet who wrote both in English and Latin, he was openly against censorship and an advocate for freedom of speech.
Most known work: Paradise Lost. -
Charles Perrault
French writer of the baroque, he’s considered the founder of the fairy tale writing. His works were based and inspired by folk tales.
Most known work: Le Petit Chaperon Rouge (Little Red Riding Hood). -
Period: to
18th century
refers to literature (poetry, drama, satire, and novels) produced in Europe during this period. Subgenres of the novel during the 18th century were the epistolary novel, the sentimental novel, histories, the gothic novel and the libertine novel. -
Period: to
18th century
European literature of the 18th century refers to literature (poetry, drama, satire, and novels) produced in Europe during this period. Subgenres of the novel during the 18th century were the epistolary novel, the sentimental novel, histories, the gothic novel and the libertine novel. -
Period: to
littéraire 18ème siècle
Eighteenth-century French literature falls within a period generally defined by two dates: 1715, the date of the death of Louis XIV, and 1799, when the coup d'état that established Bonaparte's Consulate put an end to the revolutionary period. -
Denis Diderot
was a French Enlightenment writer, philosopher and encyclopaedist, who was a novelist, playwright, storyteller, essayist, dialogue writer, art critic, literary critic and translator.
Diderot is known for his erudition, his critical spirit and a certain genius. He left his mark on the history of all the literary genres -
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau is a French writer and philosopher. He is the author of several works that have left their mark on French literature and philosophy. His ideas served as the basis for the creation of a new democratic society in the wake of the French Revolution.
works: “Emilio, o de la educación” -
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a French writer and philosopher born on 28 June 1712 in Geneva and died in Ermenonville on 2 July 1778. He is the author of several works that have marked French literature and philosophy. Although he was little appreciated during his lifetime for his political stance, his ideas served as a basis for the creation of a new democratic society in the aftermath of the French Revolution. -
Pierre-Augustin Caron De Beaumarchais
He is one of the emblematic figures of the Enlightenment. Initially a businessman in the service of royal power, his plays highlight the trials and tribulations of power. Figaro remains a central character in his work, at the heart of his trilogy.
work:Las bodas de Fígaro de Pierre-Augustin de Beaumarchais -
Mary Wollstonecraft
Mary Wollstonecraft was an English writer, advocate of women's rights, and philosopher. Wollstonecraft, who attracted a lot of attention for her unconventional personal relationships, is widely considered a founding feminist philosopher. Although her unorthodoxy initially attracted criticisms, her advocacy of women's equality became increasingly important during the 20th century. Modern-day feminists cite her works and her life as important influences -
Period: to
ROMANTICISM
French literature in the first half of the century was dominated by romanticism. -
The grimm brothers
Famous As: Children's writer,
they attended the University of Marburg
The rise of Romanticism during the 18th century had revived interest in traditional folk stories, which to the Grimms and their colleagues represented a pure form of national literature and culture. They are well known as authors of tales such as Hansel and Gretel. Rumpelstiltskin and Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs -
The grimm brothers
hey attended the University of Marburg where they began a lifelong dedication to research the early history of German language and literature, including German folktales. The rise of Romanticism during the 18th century had revived interest in traditional folk stories, which to the Grimms and their colleagues represented a pure form of national literature and culture. They are well known as authors of tales such as Hansel and Gretel. Rumpelstiltskin and Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs -
Jane Austen
Considered one of the greatest writers in English history, Jane Austen is best known for her six major novels - Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, Mansfield Park, Emma, Persuasion and Northanger Abbey. Her writing was set among the British landed gentry and dealt with ordinary people in everyday ordinary situation. The author achieved great fame after her death. -
Jane Austen
Famous Novelist Considered one of the greatest writers in English history, Jane Austen is best known for Pride and Prejudice.
Her writing was set among the British landed gentry and dealt with ordinary people in everyday ordinary situation. The author achieved great fame after her death. -
Mary shelly
An author who was admired for her exploration of the Gothic genre, Mary Shelley is best remembered for her novel Frankenstein. She also edited the works of her husband, Romantic poet P.B. Shelley. She lost her husband to a drowning accident and eventually passed away due to brain tumor. -
Washington irving
Famous As: Author, Historian, Diplomat
Widely known as the first American man of letters, Washington Irving penned the legendary tales of Rip Van Winkle and The Legend of Sleepy Hollow, which are also called the first short stories by an American author.
work: The Legend of Sleepy -
Washington irving
Widely known as the first American man of letters, Washington Irving penned the legendary tales of Rip Van Winkle and The Legend of Sleepy Hollow, which are also called the first short stories by an American author. He had also had a brief stint as a lawyer. -
Victor-Marie Hugo
was a French poet, novelist, essayist, playwright, and dramatist of the Romantic movement. During a literary career that spanned more than sixty years, he wrote abundantly in an exceptional variety of genres: lyrics, satires, epics, philosophical poems, epigrams, novels, history, critical essays, political speeches, funeral orations, diaries, letters public and private, as well as dramas in verse and prose. -
Victor-Marie Hugo
was a French poet, novelist, essayist, playwright, and dramatist of the Romantic movement. During a literary career that spanned more than sixty years, he wrote abundantly in an exceptional variety of genres: lyrics, satires, epics, philosophical poems, epigrams, novels, history, critical essays, political speeches, funeral orations, diaries, letters public and private, as well as dramas in verse and prose.
works: nuestra señora -
Charles Dickens
Was an English writer and social critic, His stories are known throughout the world, his first novel was "The Pickwick Papers" His most important works are: "A Christmas Carol", "Oliver Twist" and "David Copperfield." -
Period: to
THE VICTORIAN PERIOD
Victorian literature refers to English literature during the reign of Queen Victoria. The 19th century is widely considered to be the Golden Age of English Literature, especially for British novels. It was in the Victorian era that the novel became the leading literary genre in English. -
Period: to
THE VICTORIAN PERIOD
Victorian literature refers to English literature during the reign of Queen Victoria The 19th century is widely considered to be the Golden Age of English Literature, especially for British novels. It was in the Victorian era that the novel became the leading literary genre in English. English writing from this era reflects the major transformations in most aspects of English life, from scientific, economic, and technological advances to changes. -
Charles Dickens
Was an English writer and social critic. Charles Dickens was born on February 7th, 1812, in Portsmouth, United Kingdom, His stories are known throughout the world, his first novel was "The Pickwick Papers" (1833) His most important works are: "A Christmas Carol", "Oliver Twist" and "David Copperfield."
work: cuento de navidad. -
Alexandre Dumas
also known as Alexandre Dumas père (where père is French for 'father', to distinguish him from his son Alexandre Dumas fils), was a French writer. His works have been translated into many languages and he is one of the most widely read French authors.
work: los tres mosqueteros -
William Makepeace Thackeray
Was a British novelist, author and illustrator. He is known for his satirical works, particularly his novel Vanity Fair, a panoramic portrait of British society, and the 1844 novel Barry Lyndon, which was adapted for a 1975 film by Stanley Kubrick.
Vanity Fair -
William Makepeace Thackeray
Was a British novelist, author and illustrator. He is known for his satirical works, particularly his 1848 novel Vanity Fair, a panoramic portrait of British society, and the 1844 novel Barry Lyndon, which was adapted for a 1975 film by Stanley Kubrick. -
Gérard de Nerval
was the nom de plume of the French writer, poet, and translator Gérard Labrunie, a major figure of French romanticism, best known for his novellas and poems, especially the collection Les Filles du feu (The Daughters of Fire), which included the novella Sylvie and the poem "El Desdichado"
work; aurelia o el sueño y la vida -
George Eliot
Known by her pen name George Eliot, was an English novelist, poet, journalist, translator and one of the leading writers of the Victorian era. She wrote seven novels: Adam Bede (1859), The Mill on the Floss (1860), Silas Marner (1861), Romola (1862–63), Felix Holt, the Radical (1866), Middlemarch (1871–72) and Daniel Deronda (1876). Like Charles Dickens and Thomas Hardy. She is known for their realism, psychological insight, sense of place and detailed depiction of the countryside -
George Eliot
Known by her pen name George Eliot, was an English novelist, poet, journalist, translator and one of the leading writers of the Victorian era. She wrote seven novels: Adam Bede (1859), The Mill on the Floss (1860), Silas Marner (1861), Like Charles Dickens and Thomas Hardy, she emerged from provincial England; most of her works are set there. She is known for their realism, psychological insight, sense of place and detailed depiction of the countryside -
Period: to
Modernism
Is a broad term referring to the social thought, cultural expressions, and artistic techniques that broke with past traditions following the political upheavals across Europe through the horrors of the first World War, as well as the scientific and technological developments flowing from the Industrial Revolution. -
Alexandre Dumas
Alexandre Dumas
also known as Alexandre Dumas père (where père is French for 'father', to distinguish him from his son Alexandre Dumas fils), was a French writer. His works have been translated into many languages and he is one of the most widely read French authors.
works: los tres mosqueteros -
Thomas Hardy
Was an English novelist and poet. A Victorian realist in the tradition of George Eliot, he was influenced both in his novels and in his poetry by Romanticism, including the poetry of William Wordsworth. He was highly critical of much in Victorian society, especially on the declining status of rural people in Britain, such as those from his native South West England. Best books are, The Mayor of Casterbridge, Far from the Madding Crowd, Tess of the d’Urbervilles.
works:The Mayor of Casterbridge -
Period: to
Literature in the 2Oth century
Was part of a tumultuous century marked by two world wars, teh experience of totalitarian fascists and communists, and a difficult decolonisation. -
Period: to
FEMINISM
Activism focused primarily on gaining political power, particularly the right of women's suffrage.In Britain the Suffragettes and, possibly more effectively, the Suffragists campaigned for the women's vote. This movement had a great influence on literature, more female writers started emerging. -
Marquis de sade
Famous: Erotic Novelist
Marquis de Sade is remembered for his erotic books such as The 120 Days of Sodom and Justin or de misfortunes of virtue. He was known for his peculiar way of deriving sexual pleasure by torturing his victims, now known as “sadism.” He was jailed for several years for sexual abuse against men, women, and children.
most popular work The 120 Days of Sodom -
Marquis de sade
Marquis de Sade is remembered for his erotic books such as The 120 Days of Sodom and Justin or de misfortunes of virtue. He was known for his peculiar way of deriving sexual pleasure by torturing his victims, now known as “sadism.” He was jailed for several years for sexual abuse against men, women, and children. -
Marcel Proust
“In Search of Lost Time” is considered by many critics to be the definitive modern novel and it had a profound effect on 20th century literature. English writer Somerset Maugham called it the “greatest fiction to date”. -
Period: to
Lost Generation, Jazz Age, Roaring 20s & The Harlem Renaissance
Alongside modernism, African American culture in Harlem, New York was flourishing. Much of the style derived from poetry rhythms based on spirituals, jazz lyrics on the blues, and the use of slang in everyday diction. -
Period: to
Surrealism
An avant-garde movement, based primarily in France, that sought to break down the boundaries between rational and irrational, conscious and unconscious, through a variety of literary and artistic experiments. -
Aldous Huxley
Author and screenwriter Aldous Huxley is best known for his 1932 novel 'Brave New World,' a nightmarish vision of the future, it is widely regarded as one of the greatest novels of the 20th century. -
JEAN-PAUL SARTRE
Jean-Paul Sartre was a French novelist, playwright, and philosopher. A leading figure in 20th-century French philosophy, he was an exponent of a philosophy of existence known as existentialism. His most notable works included Nausea (1938), Being and Nothingness (1943), and Existentialism and Humanism (1946) -
Agatha Christie's
most famous novels include And Then There Were None (1939), Murder on the Orient Express (1933), and The ABC Murders (1936). Her novels have sold more than 100 million copies and have been translated into some 100 languages. Many of Christie's works have been adapted for television and film -
ANTOINE DE SAINT-EXUPERY
French writer, poet, aristocrat, and journalist, Antoine de Saint-Exupery, is best remembered for his novella, ”The Little Prince”.
A successful commercial pilot before World War II, he joined the French Air Force at the start of the war. Equally successful as a writer, he won several of France's highest literary awards. -
George Orwell
He was an english novelist, essayist, and critic famous for his novels Animal Farm (1945) and Nineteen Eighty-four (1949), the latter a profound anti-utopian novel that examines the dangers of totalitarian rule. -
COLETTE
Colette was a French author who received a nomination for the prestigious Nobel Prize in Literature in 1948. She is remembered for her novella ”Gigi”. Her life and work have inspired several films, including the 2018 biographical drama film Colette -
Period: to
BEAT
The beat authors were primarily poets. This was a counterculture and youth culture movement beginning in the 1950s. -
J.R.R TOLKIEN
English writer and scholar who achieved fame with his children's book “The Hobbit (1937)” and his richly inventive epic fantasy “The Lord of the Rings (1954–55)” -
Period: to
Postmodern (1965-Currently)
Post-modernist literature extends the disillusionment and disruption that characterized modernism by further fragmenting language and literary structures, even by creating “hybrid” forms so that it becomes less clear what is a poem and what is a story.