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A war time alliance between the coalition government, the churches and educatoin service. The School leaving age was increased to 15 and free provisions such as school milk, meals, transport and clothing were introduced
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"People have said that by talking in terms of three types of school we are promulgating a wrong social philosophy. I do not agree. By abolishing fees in maintained schools we have ensured that entry to these schools shall be on the basis of merit. I am glad to say that we are not all born the same."
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The Tripartite system was centered on the three stages of education, namely; primary, secondary and further education. Within the act the requirement to consider the "ages, aptitudes and abilities" led to the grammar, secondary modern and secondary technical balkanisation of high schools.
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Influential studies find that representation of unskilled working class children were underrepresented in grammar schools.
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The Robbins Committee (Ministry of Education) produced a report on higher education. The Conservative government of the day agreed with the findings and that higher education should be increased such that 17% of the student age population could attend. Jean Floud (sociologist) "no iron law of the national intelligence imposing an upper limit on the education potential of the nation." Over a period of ten years the number of unviersities increased by 10%.
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A Labour request to prioritise the introduction of comprehensive schools.
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By the time Labour swung to power in the Autumn of 1964 the educational zeitgeist had shifted. It was generally beleived that the best way to maximize the potential of the population was to provide similar standards of education for all. The introduction of comprehensive education was not welcomed by all. "Save our grammar school" demonstrations sprang up around the country - garnering support for the conservatives.
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Plowden Report advocates progressive curriculum
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With Margeret Thatcher as the Education Secretary more high schools became comprehensives than before or since
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Ted Heath becomes Prime Minister after winning a 20 seat majority. The 25 year period following the end of the Second World War was a period of low unemployment and uninterrupted economic growth. However the quadrupling of oil prices led to unemployment on a scale not seen before. Some blamed education's shifted focus to academia and civil service as opposed to business and manufacturing. Margaret Thatcher became Education Secretary cancelling 10/65, free school milk and free museum entrance.
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School leaving age increased to 16 partly as a response to the huge increase in youth unemployment.
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Spending on Education reaches 6.2% (highest point in the 20th Century) of GNP.
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"No virtue in producing socially well-adjusted members of society who are unemployed because they do not have the skills [required]" James Calaghan
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The name-change is also uncertain. Will the polytechnics in Oxford, Newcastle, Nottingham or Liverpool, have to call themselves city, technical or vocational universities - so as to distinguish themselves from the cities' existing universities?
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This was equality, not of opportunity, but of outcome. This was a mania that condemned children to fall short of their potential; that treated them as if they were identical – or must be made so
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Seemingly on the way to election defeat John Major and Kenith Clark commissioned a report into primary schools. Amongst the policies was a advocation of setting rather than streaming.
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Most pupils were already divided into sets according to their ability in individual subjects - notably for maths and English. This did not amount to backdoor streaming, he said, because children in the top ability range in one subject often showed less aptitude in another.
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Labour wins a landslide general election with a house of commons majority of 179 seats. Election campaign was focused on three top priorities: Education, Education, Education. Distancing himself from the Education policies of previous Labour governments Tony Blair acknowedged the importance of recognising the different abilities of children. Setting similarly talented students (setting) would allow the class to be tailored for all learners.
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There would be three types of secondary school: community, aided and foundation.
Community schools would be based on the existing county schools;
Aided schools would be based on the existing voluntary-aided schools;
Foundation schools would offer a new bridge between the powers available to secular and church schools. -
Standards not Structure
We have set up the Standards Task Force
By 2002, 80 per cent of our 11-year-olds will have reached the required standard in literacy and 75 per cent in numeracy.
There will be a new curriculum for Initial Teacher Training, focusing on literacy and numeracy. A probationary year for all newly-qualified teachers will continue the development of the skills training. We will not tolerate failure; we will reward success. -
Learning and Skills Act
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In September 2001 the white paper Schools - achieving success proposed: giving schools more freedom to manage their own affairs, with 85 per cent of a school's budget directly controlled by the head teacher, and a lesser role for LEAs;
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Programme for International Student Assessment
UK finishes in 20th position for science, joint equal with Slovenia and ten places behind Poland who's GDPPPP is less than a third of the UKs. Polands Education spending is some 150 times less than UK's -
Gove steps back from plans to re-introduce o levels
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Abolution of modular GCSE, students will sit one exam at the end of the course. League tables based on students first sitting.
Tougher Georgraphy exam, strengthened history, no English speaking and listening, English coursework cut, more modern languages. Most subjects will be assessed by exam only, and students will be awarded one of nine grades, represented by the numbers 1-9, with 9 representing the highest level of attainment. -
Removal of the AS/A level system
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Plans to scrap GCSEs in key subjects in England and replace them with English Baccalaureate Certificates are being abandoned by the government.
The idea behind this was to stop what he had called a "race to the bottom" where he said exam boards might compete to offer easier qualifications. -
All infants in England to get free school lunches
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Labour peer Lady Morgan is not reappointed as head of Ofstead. Many suspect partisan politics is the main reason for a change of leadership of the countries school inspecting coporation.
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Science experiments will no longer count towards final A-level grades after the exams regulator overruled protests from societies and education charities.
The regulator is to go ahead with plans to end the current system under which practicals conducted in class under exam conditions make up between 20 and 30 per cent of final grades in biology, chemistry and physics. -
will be required to undertake a set of 12 practicals, whether they pass or fail these will have no bearing on their A-level grade. These reforms are designed to overcome problems with the existing assessment of practical work in science A-levels, which allowed coursework to be repeated until desirable grades were achieved.
the proposed changes to practicals could even be a positive move, especially if teachers get the opportunity to inject some creativity back into A-level science. -
The spat escalated last week when a former adviser to Mr Gove said Nick Clegg's policy of extending free school meals to all infants amounted to "an abuse of taxpayers' money for his personal ends". The Lib Dems hit back, branding the education secretary an ideological "zealot" for diverting 400m from the department's basic-need funding to bolster his free schools programme
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May rebukes Gove over Goves criticism of the Home Office
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Five schools were put into special measures after Ofsted concluded that a culture of "fear and intimidation" had taken hold
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The Department for Education (DfE) proposals would raise the level of QTS from a basic entry qualification to a much more demanding certificate of competency
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But schools, like teachers, work best as a team. We learnt that with Labour’s London Challenge – transforming results for London’s schools. The Tories think education should be a competitive fight. We believe in partnership and collaboration. ‘As Secretary of State for Education, I will roll out the London Challenge scheme across the country: tackling poor results and raising standards in our coastal towns, counties, and regional cities. Schools succeed – like England and Scotland – Better Toge
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In a speech to his Party conference in Manchester, Labour leader Ed Miliband said improving apprenticeships was one of his “national goals” as part of a 10-year plan to transform the UK
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Children are losing up to an hour a day of teaching because of a damaging culture of low-level disruption and disrespect in schools, according to Ofsted
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The study by Southampton University subjected 19 classes in England and China – featuring 562 pupils aged nine and 10 – to two maths tests. Researchers also used video analysis to investigate the impact of different teaching methods.
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A government funded research programme has found that rewarding students with cash for high attendance, behaviour and homework had no affect on children's ability to learn.
