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United Nations
United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill signed the Atlantic Charter. This created vision for global peace and security for both countries. Later representatives of 26 other countries calling themselves the United Nations joined too. They all joined forces so they can defeat the Axis Powers which is the alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan. This affected all of the citizens in each country because this created more protection (United Nations). -
Potsdam Conference 1
The last Allied conference for WWII was held in Potsdam, Germany, and the leaders were discussing peace settlements for Europe. However, they did not create peace treaties. The leaders also discussed the occupation of Austria, the borders of Poland, the determination of reparations, and the Soviet Union’s role in eastern Europe.The reason for the allies to have this conference was because war was ending and the allies needed a plan. -
Potsdam Conference 2
This affected each leader because they needed to know what to do next that would be right for their own country (Potsdam Conference). -
NATO 1
12 countries signed the North Atlantic Treaty (NATO) in Washington, D.C. and later on more countries joined in as well creating a total of 26 countries in the NATO. In the early period of NATO, member countries planned, financed, and built infrastructure such as bases, airfields, pipelines, and communications networks. In NATO’s second period nuclear weapons was the basis of their defense system. -
NATO 2
The reason for so much military spending and planning in the NATO was so they can counter soviets strength. this affected all of the countries in the NATO and the Warsaw Pact because this could have lead to a much bigger war than it already was (North Atlantic Treaty Organization). -
The Chinese Revolution
Chinese Communist leader Mao Zedong wanted to create the People’s Republic of China. They did this to end the civil war between the Chinese Communist Party and the Nationalist Party. This affected how the two sides have a better chance in war now because they joined together and now are in a war side by side (The Chinese Revolution). -
Korean War
North Korea who were supported by the Soviets, attacked southward across the 38th parallel. This began the Korean war. The U.N. wanted to put Korea back together but the Soviets refused. So Korea was divided into 2, North and South Korea. The Korean war took lives of about 1,300,000 South Koreans, 500,000 North Koreans and 37,000 Americans. Till this day Korea is still divided into two (Korean War). -
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War was a long conflict in southeast Asia after the country of Vietnam split in two, North and South Vietnam. North wanted to reunite the country but under communism, its political and economic system. The South tried to refuse and fight back to keep this from happening and the U.S. helped too, but the North won the war in 1975. 1.3 million Vietnamese soldiers and about 56,000 U.S. troops were killed and also more than 2 million civilians died as well (Vietnam War). -
Warsaw Pact 1
The Soviet Union and Eastern Europe signed the Warsaw Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance (Warsaw Pact). This treaty was created because the Soviet Union wanted to create a strong defensive alliance against military or economic threats from the West, especially since West Germany was a member of NATO. Another reason was to strengthen the hold of the Soviet Union over its Eastern European satellites and to prevent their seeking close ties with the West. -
Warsaw Pact 2
this affected all of the countries in the Warsaw Pact and the NATO because this could have lead to a much bigger war than it already was (Warsaw Pact). -
Suez Crisis
Israeli brigades invaded Egypt and advanced toward the canal. That’s when the Suez Crisis happened. It mostly started when the Egyptian President nationalized the Suez canal. Israel regained shipping rights in the straits of tiran, Britain and France lost most of their influence in the middle East, and Nasser emerged as a victor and hero (Suez Crisis). -
Space Race/Sputnik
The Soviet Union launched the earth's first artificial satellite, Sputnik-1. The launch of Sputnik served to intensify the arms race and raise Cold War tension. So both the U.S. and the Soviet Union were working to develop new technology. The launch of Sputnik-1 gave fear that the U.S. military had fallen behind in developing new technology (Sputnik). -
Berlin Wall 1
Nikita Khrushchev delivered a speech saying that he demanded the Western powers to pull their forces out of berlin within six months but west Berlin remained under western control. In 1948, the Soviet Union sparked a crisis in the city by cutting off land access between West Germany and West Berlin. The Soviet Union did this because they wanted to cut off the western powers land access between West Germany and West Berlin. -
Berlin Wall 2
This affected many of the citizens that lived in West Berlin because the people that lived there couldn't get out (The Berlin Crisis). -
Cuban Missile Crisis
During the Cuban Missile Crisis, leaders of the U.S. and the Soviet Union engaged in a 13-day political and military standoff due to the installation of nuclear-armed Soviet missiles in Cuba that is just 90 miles away from the U.S. President John Kennedy announced that he would put a naval blockade around Cuba to make it clear that the U.S. was prepared to use military force if necessary. Many people feared that the world was going to have a nuclear war (Cuban Missile Crisis). -
Glasnost & Perestroika 1
The Glasnost policy, a program aimed at restructuring Soviet economic and political policy was instituted by the soviet leader Gorbachev launched glasnost. It was his second vital plank of reform efforts. He believed that the opening up of the political system was the only way to overcome inertia in the Soviet political and bureaucratic apparatus. The reason of creating this policy was to enlarge individuals freedom (Glasnost). -
Glasnost & Perestroika 2
Perestroika is associated with the program instituted in the Soviet Union by Mikhail Gorbachev. This was created to restructure Soviet political and economic policy and he wanted it to be a program of moderate and controlled reform that would revitalize the stagnant Soviet economy. It was also created because he wanted to decentralized economic controls and encouraged enterprises to become self-financing. This made the Soviet Union become more independent (Perestroika).
