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In discussing the reorganization of post-war Europe, Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin meet in the Yalta Conference.
The Yalta Conference, sometimes called the Crimea Conference and codenamed the Argonaut Conference, held February 4–11, 1945, was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union, represented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and General Secretary Joseph Stalin, respectively, for the purpose of discussing Europe's post-war reorganization. The conference convened in the Livadia Palace near Yalta. -
Period: to
cold war
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Harry Truman takes over as president and establishes his position to Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov.
Harry S. Truman, the Vice President of the United States, was elevated by the sudden death of Franklin D. Roosevelt to the Presidency of the United States. He lacked a month of being 61 years old, and he had been Vice President for only 83 days when Chief Justice Harlan F. Stone administered the oath in the White House Cabinet Room. "But now the lightning had struck, and events beyond anyone's control. -
The reconstruction and division of Europe is agreed during the Potsdam conference.
The Potsdam Conference, a meeting of the victorious leaders of the Allies in Europe,to confront the balance of power of the opposing governmental structures, democracy and communism. Held in an unbombed suburb of Berlin, it commenced July 17 lasting to August 2. Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and President Truman began the conference for their countries. On the agenda was the partitioning of the postwar world and resolving. -
Nationalist and Communist China resume the activities of the Civil War.
The Chinese Civil War (1927–1950) was a civil war in China fought between forces loyal to the government of the Republic of China led by the Kuomintang (KMT) and forces of the Communist Party of China (CPC).The war began in April 1927, amidst the Northern Expedition,and essentially ended when major active battles ceased in 1950. The conflict eventually resulted in two de facto states, the Republic of China (ROC) in Taiwan and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in mainland China. -
Stalin gives a speech saying that communism and capitalism cannot co-exist.
They show the line of the Sixth Congress in action and the application to the Communist Party of the United States of the Sixth Congress decisions on the fight against the Right danger. The Sixth Congress of the C.I. pointed out the growth of the Right wing tendencies in the world Communist movement, the growth caused by new features in the world situation — further decay of capitalist stabilization, sharpening of inner and outer contradictions of capitalism, sharpening of the class struggle,etc -
A series of nuclear tests by the USA are conducted at the Bikini Atoll, the activity is known as Operation Crossroads.
Operation Crossroads was a series of nuclear weapon tests conducted by the United States at Bikini Atoll in mid-1946. It was the first test of a nuclear weapon after the Trinity nuclear test in July 1945, and the first detonation of any nuclear device following the Fat Man detonation on August 9, 1945. Its purpose was to investigate the effect of nuclear weapons on naval ships. -
The USA organized with 19 Latin American nations to sign the Rio Pact.
The goal of the member nations in creating the OAS was "to achieve an order of peace and justice, to promote their solidarity, to strengthen their collaboration, and to defend their sovereignty, their territorial integrity, and their independence." -
USSR takes over Czechoslovakia.
After the 1946 election, the communists began to lose some of their popularity, and, as the 1948 election approached, their public support began to decline. Not leaving anything to chance, the communists staged a coup d'etat in February 1948 rather than wait for the scheduled May election. To ensure passivity among military units that might object to such unconstitutional methods, Svoboda confined all noncommunist commanders to quarters. Various units under communist command were placed on alert -
In order to protect Europe from Communism, the Brussels Pact is signed.
The Treaty of Brussels was signed on 17 March 1948 between Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, as an expansion to the preceding year's defence pledge, the Dunkirk Treaty signed between Britain and France. As the Treaty of Brussels contained a mutual defence clause, it provided a basis upon which the 1954 Paris Conference established the Western European Union (WEU). It was terminated on 31 March 2010. -
The formation of NATO is ratified.
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) After World War II the countries of Western Europe found themselves too weak politically and militarily to prevent the spread of the communist "iron curtain" on a national level. The alliance of France and the United Kingdom through the Brussels Treaty was found to be minuscule when compared to the Communist Soviet Union. Very little time passed before this weakness was realized and Western Europe turned to a more inclusive North Atlantic Treaty. -
The Berlin Blockade comes to an end.
On May 12, 1949, an early crisis of the Cold War comes to an end when the Soviet Union lifts its 11-month blockade against West Berlin. The blockade had been broken by a massive U.S.-British airlift of vital supplies to West Berlin's two million citizens. -
The Korean War begins with Stalin equipping North Korea with Soviet weapons in the invasion against South Korea.
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The Federal Civil Defense Administration is created.
The Federal Civil Defense Administration (FCDA) was organized by Democratic president Harry S. Truman (1884–1972) on December 1, 1950, and became an official government agency on January 12, 1951. The agency distributed posters, programs, and information about communism and the threat of communist attacks. In 1979, President Carter signed Executive Order 12127 merging the successor to the Federal Civil Defense Administration — the Defense Civil Preparedness Agency (DCPA) — into today's Federal. -
Soviet Communist Party chooses a new leader in Nikita Khrushchev.
Six months after the death of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, Nikita Khrushchev succeeds him with his election as first secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Born into a Ukrainian peasant family in 1894, Khrushchev worked as a mine mechanic before joining the Soviet Communist Party in 1918. In 1929, he went to Moscow and steadily rose in the party ranks and in 1938 was made first secretary of the Ukrainian Communist Party. -
SEATO is created in order to resist communist expansion in South East Asia which has spread to the Philippines and Indochina.
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Vietnam is divided to north and south at the 17th parallel.
The 17th parallel division between North and South Vietnam was the result of a Chinese proposal at the Geneva Confernce of 1954 which ended the French war in Vietnam. China did not want a strong, unified Vietnam on its southern border and easily convinced the great powers to go along with their proposal. Ho Chi Minh was dependent on Chinese aid and had to go along. Elections were scheduled for 1956, but South Vietnam, which did not sign the Geneva Accord, refused to participate. -
Fidel Castro becomes leader of Cuba through the Cuban Revolution in a communist take-over.
On 31 December 1958, the Battle of Santa Clara took place in a scene of great confusion. The city of Santa Clara fell to the combined forces of Che Guevara, Cienfuegos, Revolutionary Directorate (RD) rebels led by Comandantes Rolando Cubela, Juan ("El Mejicano") Abrahantes, and William Alexander Morgan. News of these defeats caused Batista to panic. He fled Cuba for the Dominican Republic just hours later on 1 January 1959. Comandante William Alexander Morgan, leading RD rebel forces, continued -
President Eisenhower severs diplomatic relationship with Cuba and closes the embassy (US) in Havana.
In the climax of deteriorating relations between the United States and Fidel Castro's government in Cuba, President Dwight D. Eisenhower closes the American embassy in Havana and severs diplomatic relations. The action signaled that the United States was prepared to take extreme measures to oppose Castro's regime, which U.S. officials worried was a beachhead of communism in the western hemisphere. -
China invades India, the Himalayan War, and attempts to claim certain border area.
The Sino-Indian War also known as the Sino-Indian Border Conflict was a war between China and India that occurred in 1962. A disputed Himalayan border was the main pretext for war, but other issues played a role. There had been a series of violent border incidents after the 1959 Tibetan uprising, when India had granted asylum to the Dalai Lama. India initiated a Forward Policy in which it placed outposts along the border, including several north of the McMahon Line, the eastern portion of a Line -
Soviets covertly install military bases and nuclear weapons on Cuba, the standoff is known as the Cuban Missile Crisis.
The Cuban Missile Crisis — known as the October crisis in Cuba and the Caribbean crisis in the USSR — was a 14-day confrontation between the Soviet Union and Cuba on one side, and the United States on the other, in October 1962. It was one of the major confrontations of the Cold War, and is generally regarded as the moment in which the Cold War came closest to turning into a nuclear conflict.It is also the first documented instance of the threat of mutual assured destruction (MAD) being discusse -
American forces are sent to invade the Dominican Republic to prevent a communist takeover.
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The Treaty of Tlatelolco is signed by thrity-three Latin American and Caribbean countries that prohibit nuclear weapons in those areas.
The Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America (also known as the Treaty of Tlatelolco) obligates Latin American parties not to acquire or possess nuclear weapons, nor to permit the storage or deployment of nuclear weapons on their territories by other countries. Besides the agreement among the Latin American countries themselves, there are two Additional Protocols dealing with matters that concern non-Latin American countries. Protocol I involves an undertaking by non-Latin. -
The UK, US, and the Soviet Union enter into an agreement known as the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. Other countries also signed the treaty.
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The beginning of Detente between the US and USSR results in the signing of the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT I).
The Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) were two rounds of bilateral talks and corresponding international treaties involving the United States and the Soviet Union—the Cold War superpowers—on the issue of armament control. The two rounds of talks and agreements were SALT I and SALT II. -
US backed Somalia attacks Soviet supported Ethiopia which gives rise to the Ogaden War.
Somalia officially the Federal Republic of Somalia -
Castro and Cuba.
In 1979, the Conference of the NAM was held in Havana, while that year Castro was selected as the president of the NAM, a position that he would hold till 1982. In his capacity as both President of the NAM and of Cuba he appeared at the United Nations General Assembly in October 1979, giving a speech on the disparity between the world's rich and poor. His speech was greeted with much applause from other world leaders, although American anti-communist went outside for protestation. -
Perestroika and Glasnost
"Perestroika" (restructuring) and "glasnost" (openness) were Mikhail Gorbachev's watchwords for the renovation of the Soviet body politic and society that he pursued as general secretary of the Communist Party from 1985 until 1991. Neither term was new to Soviet rhetoric. Stalin occasionally had used them as had his successors. The word glasnost actually appeared in Article 9 of the 1977 Soviet Constitution although without any practical application. Both terms can be found in Gorbachev's speech -
Falling of the Berlin wall during this time Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania declared their independence.
The change began when Mikhail came to power in the Soviet Union in 1985. He tried to make changes in the state and in the communist party by restructing the economy's production and distribution system, a plan now known as perestoka. In addition, Gorbachev also allowed for the polocy of glasnot,, or public critism of the communist party. -
End of cold war.
The communist party was weakened and the Soviet Union trumbled. The cold war was over.
