-
Briggs vs Elliot Clarendon County, South Carolina
Harold Briggs and nineteen other parents requested buses for their children to get to school County denies request, Parents then up the stakes and demand admitance to community schools, County denies request. Thurgood Marshall National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Legal Defense Fund and Harold Boulware a local lawyer file for Plantiffs on December 22,1950. US District court rules against abloishing segragation. -
Belton/Bulah vs Gebhart
Belton: Parents in Claymont, Delaware forced to send children to a run down segragated school in Wilmington instead of community schools.
Bulah: Daughter denied bus transportation to school on white bus that passed by every day. Sarah Bulah requested seperate bus and was denied.
Both filed by Louis Redding, Delaware's first African American Lawyer, Suggested petitioning for admitance to all white schools and childern were denied. Delaware Chacary Court finds in favor of Plantiffs. -
Brown vs Board of Education Topeka
Oliver Brown and Thirteen parents in sumer of 1950 attempt to enroll their children in the community all white schools. All were denied (National Park Service). Topeka operated only four schools for black children. Local lawyers joined by lawyers from NAACP national office filed in US District court. Court ruled white and black schools were comparable and sited Plessy v Ferguson 1896 (Smithsonian Institute) -
Davis vs School Board of Prince Edward County Virginia
Students Protested Deploable conditions at Moton High School. Conditions such as tar paper buildings. Case filed by Spottswood Robinson and Oliver Hill from local NAACP. Virginia District Court rejects student request. State expert wittness " blacks were intellectually inferior to whites; it was therefore in everyone’s best interest to separate the races" (Smithsonian Institute) -
Bolling vs Sharpe
Gardner Bishop & Consolidated Parents Group, INC began campaign in 1947 to end sagragated schools in Washington DC by begining of school year 1950. Bishop attempted to enroll African American students in new middle school, Students were turned away. US District Court dismissed case on grounds of Appeals Court ruiing in Carr v Cornign stating segragation was constitutional. Ruled seperately from Brown as Fourteenth Amendment did not apply to District of Columbia. -
U.S. Supreme Court: Brown v School Board Topeka
Landmark Supreme Court case ending segragation in schools. Lead Council Thurgood Marshall of the NAACP Defense and Educational Fund. In 1952 Brown's case and four others combined into Brown v School Board of Topeka. On May 17, 1954 Justices deliver unanimous verdit Stating "in the field of public education the doctrine of 'seperate but equal' has no place, as segregated schools are 'inherently unequal'" (History Channel)