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13th Amendment
Constitutional amendment that ended slavery. Slavery was made illegal. -
Freedman's Bureau
The bureau was a part of the War Department. Their tasks were feeding and clothing war refugees in the Southn using surplus army supplies. -
Howard University
Founded in Washington. A group of Congregationalists who wanted to establish a seminary for African American ministers. -
Hampton Institute
Founded in Virginia. It taught African Americans to trade and learn agricultural techniques. -
Tenure of Office Act
The House of Representatives voted to impeach Johnson, meaning that they charged him with "high crimes and misdemeanors" in office. Johnson had broken the law by refusing to uphold the Tenure of Office Act. -
The 14th Amendment
This amendment granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the US and declared that no state could deprive any person of life, liberty, or property "without due process of law." It also stated no state could deny any person "equal protection of the laws." -
15th Amendment
The right to vote "shall not be denied . . . on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." By March 1870, enough states ratified it to make it a part of the Consititution. -
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Education for African Americans
In 1870 200,000 formerly enslaved people of all ages attended school. By 1876, Reconstruction governments built a comprehensive public school system and roughly 600,000 attended. -
Ku Klux Klan Act
Outlawed the Klan's activites. Arrested 3,000 members in the South. -
Horace Greeley
A newspaper publisher nominated by the Republicans. They wanted to prevent Grant's renomination. -
Panic of 1873
Small banks and stock markets closed. This was a result of badly invested money for railroads. -
"Whiskey Ring"
Group of gov't officals and distiller in St. Louis cheated the government out of millions of dollars by filing false tax reports. -
Spelman College
First college for African American college for women. Tuskegee Institute was founded later that year.
