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Aristotle was known for his approach and numerous dissections. He was drawn to animal classification in order to discover aspects of connection between the soul and the human body. Some of his animal classifications still stand today.
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Andreas Vesalius- Renaissance physician who revolutionized the study of biology and the practice of medicine by his careful description of the anatomy of the human body. Basing his observations on dissections he made himself, he wrote and illustrated the first comprehensive textbook of anatomy.
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Zacharias Jansen produced the first compound mircroscope by combining two convex lenses within a tube.
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Robert Hooke introduced the word "cell" to science and discovered the cellular composition of cork.
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Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovered protozoa. He reported that he had observed "little animals"(protozoa) through a microscope.
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Leeuwenhoek improved magnification of microscopes by polishing the lenses more often.
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Leeuwenhoek discovered animalcules. He also discovered bacteria from a sample of saliva from his mouth.
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Lorenz Oken came up wih a new animal classification:
1.Dermatozoa, or invertebrates
2.Glossozoa, or fish, those animals in which a true tongue makes, for the first time, its appearance
3.Rhinozoa, or reptiles, in which the nose opens for the first time into the mouth and inhales air
4.Otozoa, or birds, in which the ear for the first time opens externally
5.Ophthalmozoa, or mammals, in which all the organs of sense are present and complete, the eyes being movable and covered with lids. -
Louis Pasteur set out to disprove spontaneous generation with a now-classic experiment that both firmly established the cell theory beyond boubt and solidified teh basic steps of the modern scientifc method.
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Matthias Schleiden discovered that plants were made up of cells. He looked a a variety of plant samples. Schleiden was the first to realize that all plants, and all the different parts of the plants are made up of cells.
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Theodor Schwann discovered that animals were composed of cells.
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Shwann published "Microscope Investigations on the Accordance in the Structure and Growth of Plants and Animals." It included the first statement of cell theory: All living things are made up of cells.
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Albrecht von Roelliker realized that sperm cells and egg cells are also classified as cells.
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Schleiden, Virchow and Schwann proposed the cell theory. Schleiden discovered that all plants were made of cells. Then a year later Schwann discovered that all animals were made of cells. Later, Virchow was doing experiments with diseases when he found that all cells come from other existing cells.
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Pringsheim observed how a sperm penetrated an egg cell.
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Kolliker discovered and described mitochondria.
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Flemming described chromosome behavior during mitosis.
