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Padlock Law
- Padlock Law was an act in Quebec to remove the spreading of communist propaganda.
- Maurice Duplessis, premier of Quebec, introduced the law which gave police the authority to close down meetings suspected of promoting communism.
- "Padlock" is a reference to padlocking a door to prevent entry or more specifically, preventing communism from emerging. -The law was contriversial becuase of it's removal of the right of freedom of speech to individuals in Canada.
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Spies in Canada: Gouzenko Affair
- Igor Gouzenk was born in Soviet Russia in 1919 and was trained to be a spy.
- In 1945, Igor learned that his family was being sent back to Russia. He decided to defect to Canada and offer secret documents exposing the work of soviet spies.
- Gouzenko exposed Stalin's effort to steal nuclear secrets.
- In return, Igor and his family went into hiding and were protected by the Canadian government.
- This event is significant because of Stalin's plan exposure and the beggining to the cold war.
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Berlin Blockade
Berlin Blockade- In 1948, the Soviet Union broke an agreement with its former allies by attemoting to force them out of Western Berlin.
- They did this by attempting to block out all all supply lines to west Berlin.
- However, this failed due to Aliies using airlifts to bring in supplies.
- In result, Soviets were embarressed through the failure and Berlin remained sperate. -
NATO
- The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), is a military alliance signed on april 4th where its members agree to defend any member in need of defence.
- Canada was a member from the start of Nato under the leadership of Lester B. Pearson.
- This is significant to Canada because of it being the first peacetime alliance Canada has ever joined.
- This is significant to the cold war because of its joining of countries discluding USSR.
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The Korean War
Korean War- The Korean War was a war between the Republic of Korea, supported by the UN, and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea supported by the Soviet Union.
- Canada supported the Republic of Korea during the war and sent over 20,000 soldiers.
- The war was significant due to the fact that it was a communist vs. democracy war and the first physical combat in the cold war. -
DEW and NORAD
- Distant Early Warning Line (DEW) was a set of radars that detected aircraft and missles.
- The North American Aerospace Defence Command (NORAD), pact alllowed the building of DEW's in Canada.
- It was signed on Febuary 15th.
- The pact is significant because of the fact it was the beggining of nuclear war on Canadian land with the entrance of DEW's.
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Warsaw Pact
- The Warsaw Pact was a pact between 8 communist countries during the Cold war.
- The treaty was signed on may 14th in Warsaw (Russia).
- The pact was a Soviet military reaction to the Union of West Germany into NATO in 1955 but was also motivated by desires to maintain control over military forces in Central and Eastern Europe.
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Suez Crisis
Suez Crisis-The Suez Crisis began when Egypt took control of the Suez canal and Israel, France and Britian went it.
- Israel was supported by the United States and the Soviet Union supported the countries of Iraq.
- Lester Pearson, Prime minister of Canada, proposed a peacekeeping idea to the United Nations which eventually solved the Suez Crisis.
- For this, Pearson received the nobel peace prize. -
Vietnam War
Vietnam War- The Vietnam war was between south korea, supported by democratic countries such as Canada, and the US and north korea, supported by communist countries such as the USSR and China.
- The US wanted to enforce democracy in vietnam and USSR wanted to enforce communism. -
Sputnik and Canada's Space Program
Sputnik- Sputnik was the first artificial Earth satellite launched in Soviet Russia.
- It was launched on October 4th.
- Canada and America felt that because of this launch, Soviet Union had the space advantage anf therefore the Canadian Space Program began to be larger. -
Diefenbaker, Bombarc missiles and warheads
- John Diefenbaker was the 13th prime minister of Canada.
- John bought the American Bomarc missiles for the defense of Canada. However, Waheads were not allowed in Canada.
- Ultimately, the Diefenbaker government did little to help the cold war efforts.
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Avro Arrow Cancellation
- The Diefenbaker government of Canada during 1958 designed the Avro, a supersonic jet.
- In 1958 he cancelled the production of the jet.
- By canceling the Avro Arrow 14000 Canadians lost their jobs.
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Cuban Missile Crisis
Cuban Missile Crisis- The Cuban missile crisis began when spies spotted Soviet missiles being sent to Cuba. This was a big problem because the missiles could be launched from Cuba to hit any major city in North America. US President kennedy quickly made navel blockade to stop the supply of rockets.
- The blockade remained and the Soviet ships turned back.
- Because of this, nuclear war was averted and America and Canada remained safe. -
Canada Soviet Hockey Series
Paul Henderson Goal- The Summit series is a set of seven games between the Russian hockey team and the Canadian hockey team.
- The set of seven games ended in 3 - 3 and it was down to a final game. Paul Henderson scored in the last 35 seconds in the final game to win.
- This boosted Canadian pride. -
Fall of the Berlin Wall
Berlin Wall Fall- The Berlin wall was useless when East Germans fled through Hungary and entered West Germany. The government dissalowed this so they went out through other countries and the government did nothing about this.
- This made the Berlin wall "fall". -
Fall of Soviet Union
- In 1991, the leader of the Soviet Union stepped down and the union split into 12 different countries. This also ended the Warsaw act and the Cold war. Russia came out as the succesor of the Soviet Union.
- This brought great relief to countries around the world, especially Canada and the US.
