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Introduced that geometric forms serve as atoms like how atoms mathematically break down to triangles and other element are other shapes
https://www.sutori.com/en/story/the-development-of-the-atomic-theory--QpgMYDuccQhEzL42Pt51mUPn -
Was the first to suggest any type of atomic theory. He thought that every material had its own "type" of atoms and that no matter how small its cut up, it will always remain with the same properties
https://historyoftheatomictheory.weebly.com/democritus.html -
proposed that elements are made of "corpuscles" of various types and sizes that are able to organize themselves into groups that show different chemical substances. https://historyoftheatomictheory.weebly.com/robert-boyle.html -
He began the conversation about what an atom really is https://historyoftheatomictheory.weebly.com/antoine-lavoisier.html -
-They played down the foundation of the modern day periodic table of elements https://prezi.com/t50cihtay12m/alchemy-and-its-contributions-to-the-atomic-theory/ -
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Daltons theory: Matter composed of atoms, atoms are invisible and indestructible, atoms of a given element are identical in size, mass, and chemical properties, atoms of specific elements are different than other elements, in chemical reactions atoms separate, combine, and rearrange. https://historyoftheatomictheory.weebly.com/john-dalton.html
Also created the Billiard ball model, he thoughts that atoms were the smallest, hard sphere particles alike to pool balls. -
Was the first scientist to realize that elements could exist in molecules instead of just individual atoms.
https://www.famousscientists.org/amedeo-avogadro/ -
Created the periodic table or elements which were arranged in the order of their increasing atomic weight.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Dmitri-Mendeleev -
Discovered the value for electron charge through the oil drop experiment. https://study.com/academy/lesson/robert-millikan-biography-atomic-theory-oil-drop-experiment.html -
Discovered electrons and proposed the Plum Pudding model which shows how negatively charged electrons are surrounded by positively charged volume https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/joseph-john-j-j-thomson
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/electronic-structure-of-atoms/history-of-atomic-structure/a/discovery-of-the-electron-and-nucleus -
Discovered 2 radioactive elements. Polonium and radium.
https://www.britannica.com/science/atom/Discovery-of-radioactivity -
Mathematically proved the existence of the atom https://www.ans.org/news/article-969/albert-einstein-and-the-most-elemental-atomic-theory/#:~:text=Einstein%20also%20in%201905%20mathematically,use%20of%20statistics%20and%20probability.&text=Atomic%20theory%20says%20that%20any,always%20in%20random%2C%20ceaseless%20motion -
He found that there was something in the middle of an atom called a nucleus. This led to the solar system model, which describes the atom as a massive positive central entity (nucleus/sun) and orbiting it are negative entities (electrons/planets)
https://historyoftheatomictheory.weebly.com/ernest-rutherford.html
https://socratic.org/questions/what-is-the-problem-with-a-solar-system-model-of-the-atom -
Proved that every element has an identity that is determined by the amount of protons its made of.
https://www.famousscientists.org/henry-moseley/ -
He studied structure of the atom and suggested that electrons didn't spiral into the nucleus but but orbited in different levels and the more energy an atom gives off the closer it is to the nucleus, also, the more it absorbs the further away it is.
https://historyoftheatomictheory.weebly.com/niels-bohr.html -
Used math to show the likelihood of finding an electron in a certain position which led to the electron cloud model which was basically just a model of the atom. http://www.abcte.org/files/previews/chemistry/s1_p6.html
https://www.nuclear-power.com/nuclear-power/reactor-physics/atomic-nuclear-physics/fundamental-particles/what-is-electron-properties-of-electron/electron-cloud/ -
Formulated quantum mechanics in terms of matrices and discovered the uncertainty principal which says that the position of a particle and its momentum cannot both be know
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Werner-Heisenberg -
Discovered neutrons
https://historyoftheatomictheory.weebly.com/james-chadwick.html