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166
Roman Plague
Rome experiences a severe plague in the latter part of the century, possibly carried by Verus' troops returning from Parthia. -
220
Han Dynasty Falls
After the fall of the Han Dynasty China disintegrates. -
363
Petra Earthquake
Massive earthquake buried at least half of the city of Petra under rubble, remnants of the Nabataean civilization disappeared -
Jan 1, 1348
The Black Plauge
The Black Death was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 75 to 200 million people and peaking in Europe in the years 1348–50 CE -
Isaac Newton
"He was born December 25, 1642. He proposed a mechanical universe where small solid masses were in motion. In short, he believed that there were little tiny pieces of mass that were 'swimming' everywhere. He began to understand that atoms or particles move and are not stationary. Isaac died March 20, 1727," -
Rodger Joseph Boscovich
"Born May 18, 1711, he developed the first coherent description of atomic theory. He held that bodies could not be composed of continuous matter, but of countless "point-like structures". In this work he states that the ultimate elements of matter are indivisible points "atoms", which are centers of force and this force varies in proportion to distance. He died February 13, 1787." -
Small Pox in the New World
In the New World, smallpox infected blankets were given to Native Americans which started and epidemic that killed thousands. -
Antoine Lavoisier
"Antoine Lavoisier was born Auguest 26, 1743. One of his favorite experiments being turing HgO into Hg+O. He used this experiment to help himself come up with the Law of Conservation. The law states that matter cannot be made or destroyed. He also hints at the rearrangement of matter in reactions. Matter rearranged, but never disappeared. He basically began the conversation of what an atom actually is. He passed away May 8, 1794." -
Yellow Fever
The yellow fever epidemic of 1793 in Philadelphia resulted in the deaths of several thousand people, more than nine percent of the population. Additional yellow fever epidemics in North America struck Philadelphia, as well as Baltimore and New York and traveled along steamboat routes of interior rivers from New Orleans. -
Dalton's Model of the Atom
"Dalton's theory was based on the premise that the atoms of different elements could be distinguished by differences in their weights. He stated his theory in a lecture to the Royal Institution in 1803: All matter is composed of atoms. Atoms cannot be made or destroyed.All atoms of the same element are identical. Different elements have different types of atoms. Chemical reactions occur when atoms are rearranged. Compounds are formed from atoms of the constituent elements." -
John Dalton
"John Dalton was born September 6, 1766. in 1803, he proposed his own theory; and this theory contains five parts:
1) matter is composed of extremely small particles called atoms
2) atoms are indivisible and indestructable
3) atoms of a given element are identical in size, mass, and chemical properties
4) atoms of specific elements are different than those of other elements
5) in a chemical reaction, atoms separate, combine and/or rearrange
Dalton died July 6, 1844." -
Amedeo Avaogadro
"Avogadro was born August 9, 1776 in Italy. He proposed what is now known as Avogadro's Hypothesis in 1811. The hypothesis states that at the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of gases contain the same number of molecules or atoms. However, Avogadro's Hypothesis was a radical statement at the time and was not widely accepted until fifty years later. He later died in 1856." -
War of 1812 Begins
The War of 1812 was a 32-month military conflict between the United States of America and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, its North American colonies and its Indian allies. -
Slavery Abolished in Britian Empire
The British Empire abolished slavery after several years of discussion the issue. -
Civil War Begins
the United States Civil War was a civil war fought from 1861 to 1865 in the United States after several Southern slave states declared their secession and formed the Confederate States of America (the "Confederacy" or the "South". The states that remained were known as the "Union" or the "North". The war had its origin in the issue of slavery, -
Dmitri Mendeleev
"He was born February 8, 1834. In the late 1860s, Mendeleev began working on his great achievement: the periodic table of the elements. By arranging all of the 63 elements then known by their atomic weights, he managed to organize them into groups possessing similar properties. Where a gap existed in the table, he predicted a new element would one day be found and deduced its properties. 3 of those elements were found during his lifetime: ógallium, scandium, and germanium. He died Feb. 2, 1907" -
Telegraph Invented
Émile Baudot created a system where each character was assigned a unique code based on the sequence of just five contacts. -
President Garfield Assasinated
President James Garfield was the 20th president of the United states and was killed by assassin Charles J. Guiteau on July 2, 1881. -
Wilhelm C.Roentgen
"Wilhelm was born March 27, 1845. Roentgen discovered that if he directed rays toward a paper plate coated with barium platinocyanide, the plate became fluorescent. During subsequent experiments, he found the rays created an image on a photographic plate. These "new" rays were originally known as Roentgen rays. We know them today as x-rays which are part of the electromagnetic spectrum. He died February 10, 1923." -
Henri Becquerel
Born on December 15, 1852, in Paris, France, to a clan of scientists, Henri Becquerel worked in engineering and academia, making pioneering discoveries in phosphorescence and what would be coined as natural radioactivity. He earned the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903, sharing the award with the Curies. He died on August 25, 1908 -
J.J Thomson
"He lived from 1856-1940. Thomson discovered the electron in the year 1897. His work put forward a new theory, that atom was made up of small particles.Thus he discovered the electrons. He proved his theory using the cathode ray tube." -
First Cathode Ray Tube
the Cathode Ray Tube is a vacuum tube containing one or more electron guns and a fluorescent screen used to view images. It has a means to accelerate and deflect the electron beam onto the screen to create the images. -
Marie Curie
"Marie Curie was born November 7, 1867. Marie worked on radioactivity and in 1898 she reported the possible existence of a new, powerfully radioactive element in pitch blend ores. Her husband abandoned his own researches to assist her and discovered the radioactive elements polonium and radium in the pure state in 1902. They both refused to take out a patient on their discoveries and were jointly awarded the Davy Medal in 1903. Marie passed away July 4, 1934." -
First Flight
Orville and Wilbur Wright were two American brothers, inventors, who were credited with inventing and building the world's first successful airplane and making the first controlled, and powered on December 17, 1903. -
Thomson's Plum Pudding Model
"In Thomson’s "Plum Pudding Model" each atom was a sphere filled with a positively charged fluid. The fluid was called the "pudding." Scattered in this fluid were electrons known as the "plums." The radius of the model was 10-10 meters.Thomson suggested that the positive fluid held the negative charges, the electrons, in the atom because of electrical forces. However, this was only a very vague explanation and failed to provide any definite answers." -
Robert Millikan
"Robert was born March 22, 1868 in Illinois. He determined the unit charge of the electron with his oil drop experiment at the University of Chicago. Thus allowing for the calculation of the mass of the electron and the positively charged atoms. He passed away December 19, 1953 in Califnornia." -
North Pole is Reached
Peary and his entourage of 23 men, 133 dogs, and 19 sleds set off from Ellesmere Island on March 1, 1909. Finally, on April 6, 1909, Peary and only 6 men were the first humas to ever reach the North Pole -
Rutherford's Model
"This model suggested that most of the mass of the atom was contained in the small nucleus, and that the rest of the atom was mostly empty space. Rutherford came to this conclusion following the results of his famous gold foil experiment." -
Ernest Rutherford
"He was born August 30, 1871. He published his atomic theory describing the atom as having a central positive nucleus surrounded by negative orbiting electrons. This model suggested that most of the mass of the atom was contained in the small nucleus, and that the rest of the atom was mostly empty space. Rutherford came to this conclusion following the results of his famous gold foil experiment. He died October 19, 1937." -
Bohr's Model
"Electrons occupy only certain orbits around the nucleus. Those orbits are stable and are called "stationary" orbits. Energy is absorbed when an electron jumps from a lower orbit to a higher one and energy is emitted when an electron falls from a higher orbit to a lower orbit." -
Neils Bohr
"Neils Bohr was born October 7, 1885. In 1913, Niels Bohr proposed a theory for the hydrogen atom based on quantum theory that energy is transferred only in certain well defined quantities. Electrons should move around the nucleus but only in prescribed orbits. When jumping from one orbit to another with lower energy, a light quantum is emitted. Bohr's theory could explain why atoms emitted light in fixed wavelengths. He died November 18, 1962." -
Panama Canal Opens
48 mile ship canal in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and is a key part of trading.France began work on the canal in 1881, but had to stop because of engineering problems and high mortality due to disease. The United States took over the project in 1904, and took 10 years to complete the canal, which was officially opened on August 15, 1914. -
Prohibition in the United States
nationwide ban on the sale, production, importation, and transportation of alcoholic beverages that remained in place from 1920 to 1933. -
Werner Heisenburg
"Werner was born December 5, 1901. Werner's contribution to the atomic theory was that he calculated the behavior of electrons, and subatomic particles that also make up an atom. Werner's discovery helped clarify the modern view of the atom because scientists can compare the actually few numbers of atoms there are, by their movements of electrons, and how many electrons an atom contains. he created matrix mechanics, the first version of quantum mechanics in 1925. He died of cancer Feb. 1, 1976." -
Modern Electron Cloud
"It shows that electrons are not showed as particles moving around the nucleus in a fixed orbit where electrons are likely to be found. It's used to describe the possible location of electrons, where the cloud is denser you are more likely to find an electron." -
Erwin Schrodinger
"He was born August 12, 1887. Erwin Schrödinger, an Austrian physicist, took the Bohr atom model one step further. Schrödinger used mathematical equations to describe the likelihood of finding an electron in a certain position. This atomic model is known as the quantum mechanical model of the atom. He passed away January 4, 1961." -
James Chadwick
"Chadwick was born October 20, 1891. James predicted the atom would have a neutron. He established that atomic number is determined by the numbers of protons in an atom. He also discovered the fourth subatomic particle,the neutron. James died July 24, 1974." -
Pearl Harbor
A surprise military strike from the Japanese Navy against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on the morning of December 7, 1941. The attack led to the United States' entry into World War II. -
Murray Gell-Mann
"Murray was born September 15, 1929. He is still alive today, too. He showed scientists what makes up protons and neutrons, quarks. A quark is a fast moving point of energy and every proton and neutron contains three.There are up quarks and down quarks.
They are 10-15mm in size. This discovery made a huge impact." -
Korean War Begins
War between South Korea and North Korea began on June 25, 1950. The United States allied with the United Nations and South Korea. -
Linus Pauling
"Born Feb. 28, 1901. He also died August 19, 1994. Linus Pauling's interest in the "behavior" of molecules led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry, from an absorption in the architecture of molecules to their functioning, especially in the human body. He began with proteins and their main constituents, the amino acids, which are called the "building blocks of life." -
Berlin Wall Built
The Berlin Wall was a barrier constructed by East Germany starting on August 13, 1961. The wall completely cut off West Berlin from surrounding East Germany and from East Berlin. The barrier included guard towers placed along large concrete walls. -
Yuan T. Lee
"Yuan was born November 19, 1936. He is also still currently living. He spent half his time working with Robert Gordon on the reactions of hydrogen atoms and diatomic alkali molecules and the other half of his time on the construction of a universal crossed molecular beams apparatus with Doug McDonald and Pierre LeBreton. Time was certainly ripe to move the crossed molecular beams method beyond the alkali age." -
Titanic Wreck Found
A number of expeditions were taken to find Titanic but it was not until September 1, 1985 that a Franco-American expedition succeeded.The team discovered that Titanic had in fact split apart, probably near or at the surface, before sinking to the seabed instead of sinking fully intact. The separated bow and stern sections lie about a third of a mile apart off the coast of Newfoundland -
September 11 Attacks
A series of four terrorist attacks launched by the Islamic terrorist group al-Qaeda upon the United States in New York City and the Washington, D.C. on Tuesday, September 11, 2001.Two planes were crashed into the North and South towers of the World Trade Center. A third plane crashed into the Pentagon The fourth plane was targeted at Washington, D.C. but crashed into a field near Shanksville, Pennsylvania.
