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Balkan Wars
Balkan wars happened on October 8 1912 - May 30, 1913 and again on June 29, 1913 - August 10, 1913.
The wars happened in the Balkans, Kosovo, Skopje, Thessaloniki, and Thrace.
These wars took a lot of land from the Ottoman Empire; they took everything in Europe besides some of Thrace and the city of Edirne. The first war happened between the balkan league and the Ottoman Empire(The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica, 2023) -
Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand
Archduke Ferdinand was shot by a teenage Siberian revolutionary (Greenspan, 2020).
Ferdinand married Sophie Chotek in 1900 but their kids were not eligible for the throne because of Sophie's culture (Greenspan, 2020).
When the Young Bosnians learnt that Fredinand was going to visit they started thinking of ways to assassinate him (Greenspan, 2020).
Ferdinand and Sophie got many cautions to cancel their road trip but decided not to anyway (Greenspan, 2020). -
World War I begins
In 1914 world war 1 started after Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated (History.com Editors, 2021).
The war lasted from 1914 to 1918 (History.com Editors, 2021).
When the war had ended the U.S. and allied countries had won but over 16 million people had died (History.com Editors, 2021).
Multiple states and countries participated such as Europe, Russia, U.S., Germany, Austria-Hungary, turkey and ect.. (History.com Editors, 2021). -
Lusitania sinks
On May 7 1915 the u-boat torpedoed killing 1,195 people and this caused a chain reaction which ended up starting world war I.
When the boat crashed killing people Germany proclaimed the water surrounding the British islands.
The Lusitania boat sank because the German U-boat submarine hit it without warning and it sank 20 minutes after the hit.
They thought that they needed to start a war because Lusitania was carrying weapons and war supplies on board. -
Battle of Gallipoli, Somme
This battle was around 5 months long (Imperial War Museums, 2023).
Over 300,000 people died in this battle and over a million were injured (Imperial War Museums, 2023).
This was the British army's first war so they gained a lot of experience (Imperial War Museums, 2023).
The battle happened in 1916 from July to November (History.com Editors, 2020). -
Battle of Verdun
The battle of Verdun happened on February 21, 1916 and lasted till December 18, 1916 (Bidou, 2023).
The battle took place in Verdun, France by the Meuse river (Bidou, 2023).
This battle was between the French and Germans (Bidou, 2023).
Total casualties for French and German was about 750,000 and 300,000 were killed (Bidou, 2023). -
Zimmermann Note
On March 1st America learned about a deal with Germany and Mexico that they would do something if the U.S. came into the war. The British intercepted a message that was supposed to go to the Mexican government from Zimmermann. The message was inviting Mexico and Japan to an alliance. The message was intercepted by the British but it was in code that had to be depicted from a code book that they got from a drowned sailor (National WWI Museum and Memorial, 2023). -
Russian Revolution
In July 1914 when war was declared by Nicholas He was the ruler of around 150 million people. Soon after, petrograd soldiers joined workers in a protest against Nicholas's rule in march 1917. In the next July Nicholas and his family were taken into a cellar and brutally murdered by Bolshevik revolutionaries (Kiger, 2021).
In 1917 there were 2 revolutions, 1st in February the imperial government was overthrown 2nd in October the Bolsheviks were placed in power (Britannica, 2023). -
U.S. enters war
The 1st world war happened in Europe in 1914. A hundred thousand and more Americans offered to go into the war (National WWI Museum and Memorial, 2023).
The president thought that the U.S wouldn't go into the war and many of the Americans agreed with it at first but after the U-boat incident the opinions started to change. Zimmermann telegraphed himself threatening the alliance with Mexico and Germany against America (History.com Editors, 2021). -
Russia withdraws from war
They left the war for multiple reasons, some being military, some being internal and some being economic .Although they withdrew they still suffered defeats toward the eastern front.The war got worse due to world issues and that made food shortages and inflation. Since they already did not have other supplies, food was their last reason and they withdrew themselves but they faced hardships when they left (History for Kids, 2023). -
Battle of Chateau-Thierry
World War I was led by John Pershing the general because he wanted to break the 4 year deadlock from the warfare when the U.S. came into the war in 1918 (Goldenberg, 2018).
The german tried ending the war in the end of spring and summer (Goldenberg, 2018).
5 days after the trench fight a train came and moved the troops to a place by Chateau-Thierry (Goldenberg, 2018).
This war is counted as a part of the troops role in Aisne Marne campaign (Goldenberg, 2018). -
Battle of Argonne
The battle started on September 26 1918 at 5:30 a.m. 700 tanks came together with troops in Argonne fores.
They launched a 2nd attack with 37 french and american troops their goal was to cut off the entirety of the 2nd german army. Ferdinand Foch the supreme commander ordered John Pershing the general to take over commands to the opposite. Then John Pershing's AEF took over and took the main attack role this was the biggest american offense in WWI (History.com Editors, 2020). -
Armistice of WWI
During this war they got more territory but they used up all their food and guns (Sawer, n.d).
Marshal Ferdinand Foch signed the armistice at 5 am inside his secret railway car (U.S. Navy, n.d)
The armistice happened because the German army collapsed (National WWI Museum and Memorial, 2023).
On November 11, 1918 there was a ceasefire that ended unfriendliness (Sawer, n.d.). -
The Treaty of Versailles signed
Signed at the Palace of Versailles on June 28, 1919 outside Paris, France (National Geographic Society, 2023).
It ended the world war after 5 years (National Geographic Society, 2023).
This treaty made sure that the conditions were known in germany, France, U.S., and the U.K (National Geographic Society, 2023).
The historians think that the treaty of versailles was not very smart (National Geographic Society, 2023) -
First meeting of the League of Nations
This league was created on January 10, 1920 (United Nations, n.d.).
They had their first meeting on Nov 15, 1920 members from 41 states participated in Geneva (United Nations, n.d.).
This league was meant to help connect the states and have them argue in a calm way rather than having a war (United Nations, n.d.).
After years there still wasn't peace and it did seem like there was going to be any anytime soon (The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica, 2023).