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Europe's main route for spice was lost, so they had to find another route for easy access.
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As Columbus tried to look for an easy route to Asia, he came across the Americas. Without this, the Columbian Exchange would not have happened at all.
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Upon reaching the New World, John Cadot claims it for England.
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As explorers were trying to find a shorter way to reach Asia, Amerigo Vespucci ran into the Northern part of South America, claiming it was a whole new continent not Asia.
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During this journey, Cortes manages to conquer Cuba and establishes multiple colonies. Cortes attempts to conquer Mexico, but ultimately fails with only establishing one town.
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When Martin Waldseemüller was creating a world map, he named the New World "America" after the adventurer, Amerigo Vespucci
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Portugal conquers land in India, Malaysia, and Sri Lanka, giving them easy access to spices. They would attack any non-Portuguese individuals carrying spice.
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Francisco Serrão discovers a new route to the East to reach the Spice Islands.
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After fights with the Inca Empire, Francisco Pizzaro finally executed the last great empire.
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After realizing the Portuguese forts at the Spice Islands, the Dutch took their chance. In three decades, they got control of Malacca, Colombo, and Cochin.