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a document that King John of England was forced to sign, limiting the power of the monarchy and establishing the principle that everyone, including the king, is subject to the law -
Christopher Columbus's arrival in the Americas. -
the first permanent English settlement in North America -
an agreement signed by 41 male passengers on the Mayflower, establishing a "civil body politic" for the newly established Plymouth Colony -
a British-issued order that prohibited Anglo-American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains -
The American Revolution (also known as the American War of Independence), leading to the formation of the United States.
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British law that imposed taxes on various goods, including sugar, molasses, and other items imported into the American colonies. -
British Parliament was a direct tax on the American colonies requiring them to purchase government-issued stamps for various documents and paper goods. -
a series of British laws passed in 1767 that imposed taxes on goods imported into the American colonies -
Aimed to rescue the financially struggling British East India Company by granting it a monopoly on tea sales in the American colonies -
a series of four laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 to punish Massachusetts for the Boston Tea Party -
a gathering of delegates from twelve of the thirteen American colonies to address growing concerns about British policies, particularly the Intolerable Acts -
the meetings of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that united in support of the American Revolution and Revolutionary War, which established American independence -
an armed uprising in Massachusetts led by farmers protesting high taxes and debt -
A foundational document of the United States, formally declaring the thirteen American colonies separation from British rule -
served as the first constitution of the United States, establishing a "league of friendship" among the thirteen sovereign states. -
a meeting of delegates from five states (New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Virginia) to discuss issues of interstate trade
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The U.S. Constitution is ratified. -
The Constitutional Convention of 1787 was a pivotal event in American history where delegates from 12 of the 13 states (Rhode Island did not attend) convened in Philadelphia to address the inadequacies of the Articles of Confederation, the nation's first governing document -
Washington's election set a critical precedent for the peaceful transfer of power in the new American republic. His leadership and actions during his two terms helped establish the foundations of the presidency and the federal government. -
protects the right of the people to keep and bear arms -
restricts the quartering of soldiers in private homes. It states that in peacetime, no soldier shall be quartered in any house without the owner's consent, and in wartime, this must be done in a manner prescribed by law. -
the right to a speedy and public trial, the right to an impartial jury, the right to be informed of the charges, the right to confront witnesses, the right to call witnesses, and the right to legal counsel. -
The Seventh Amendment to the U.S. Constitution guarantees the right to a jury trial in certain federal civil cases -
The Ninth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution addresses rights retained by the people that are not specifically listed in the Constitution -
It clarifies the balance of power between the federal government and state governments by stating that any powers not specifically delegated to the federal government, nor prohibited to the states, are reserved to the states or the people -
Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition: Guarantees basic individual liberties. -
The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures -
The Eighth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibits excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishments -
protection against self-incrimination (the right to remain silent), protection against double jeopardy (being tried twice for the same crime), and the right to due process (fair treatment under the law) -
limits the ability of individuals to sue states in federal court -
For $15 million, the U.S. doubled its size, gaining over 828,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi River. This territory included land that would eventually become fifteen states. -
requires electors to cast separate votes for each office, rather than voting for two candidates without specifying which is president and which is vice president -
fought between the United States and Great Britain from 1812 to 1815, primarily over maritime issues and British interference with American trade and shipping. -
belief that the United States was destined to expand its dominion and spread democracy and capitalism across the North American continent
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a period of massive migration to California triggered by the discovery of gold -
a conflict between the United States (the Union) and the Confederate States of America, formed by states that seceded from the Union
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officially abolished slavery and involuntary servitude in the United States -
It focused on rebuilding the nation, particularly the South, and integrating formerly enslaved people into society. This period involved complex political, social, and legal transformations, including efforts to redefine citizenship, guarantee civil rights, and establish new state governments.
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a landmark amendment focused on citizenship, equal protection, and due process. It primarily addresses rights and liberties for formerly enslaved people and ensures these rights are protected at the state level. -
prohibits the federal and state governments from denying citizens the right to vote based on "race, color, or previous condition of servitude" -
a period of rapid economic growth and transformation in the United States, particularly between the Civil War and the early 20th century
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a period of widespread social and political reform aimed at addressing the negative consequences of industrialization, urbanization, and political corruption.
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The 16th Amendment to the United States Constitution is a landmark amendment that allows the federal government to levy an income tax on its citizens. -
The 17th Amendment to the United States Constitution is a landmark change that shifted the election of U.S. Senators from selection by state legislatures to direct election by the people of each state. -
It involved most of the world's great powers, assembling into two opposing military alliances: the Allies (primarily France, Britain, Russia, Italy, and the United States) and the Central Powers (primarily Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Turkey, and Bulgaria). The war resulted in the collapse of four empires (German, Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman, and Russian) and significantly reshaped the political landscape of Europe and the world.
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It prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages in the United States. -
granted women the right to vote -
The 1929 stock market crash, often called Black Tuesday, was a significant event that triggered the Great Depression. On October 29, 1929, the New York Stock Exchange experienced a massive sell-off, with investors trading 16,410,030 shares in a single day, resulting in billions of dollars in losses. This crash exposed underlying weaknesses in the U.S. economy and banking system, ultimately leading to a global economic crisis. -
a severe worldwide economic crisis that, depending on the country. It began with the 1929 stock market crash in the United States and had a devastating impact on economies and societies worldwide.
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primarily addresses the timing of presidential and congressional terms and succession -
repealed the 18th Amendment, which had prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages -
prohibits anyone who has been elected president twice from being elected to office again -
This amendment granted residents of Washington D.C. the right to vote in presidential elections by allowing them to appoint electors. -
The 24th Amendment to the US Constitution was ratified in 1964. This amendment specifically outlawed the use of poll taxes as a requirement for voting in federal elections. -
It clarifies the procedures for presidential succession and disability. -
It lowered the national voting age in the United States from 21 to 18 years old. -
making it the longest ratification process in American history. This amendment addresses changes to the compensation of members of Congress.