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French and Indian War
-Fought between the French and the British.
-Fought over North American land.
-Brirtish won. -
Treaty of Paris
- The treaty offcially ended the French and Indian War.
- All French territory on the mainland of North America was lost.
- The British received Quebec and the Ohio Valley.
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Proclamation of 1763
-British did not allow colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.
-British sent troops to protect and prevent settlers from crossing the line.
-British government got angry that colonists did not want to pay for protection. -
Sugar Act
-The Sugar Act reduced the rate of tax on molasses from six pence to three pence per gallon,
-It was the first tax placed on all colonial goods.
-The act also listed more foreign goods to be taxed including sugar, certain wines, coffee, pimiento, cambric and printed calico, and further, regulated the export of lumber and iron. -
Stamp Act
-Tax placed on all legal documents.
-The taxes raised under a stamp act are called stamp duty.
-This system of taxation was first devised in the Netherlands in 1624 after a public competition to find a new form of tax. -
Quartaring Act
-The Quartering Act of 1765 required the colonies to house British soldiers in barracks provided by the colonies.
-the Quartering Act, outlining the locations and conditions in which British soldiers are to find room and board in the American colonies.
-If the colonists houses were too small to house all soldiers then colonists were to acomadate soldiers at local inns. -
Writs of Assistance
-General search warrants used by British customs officers to prevent smuggling.
- The use of these writs was one of the grievances of the colonists before the Revolutionary War.
-Customs officials first used specific warrants that described the places to be searched. These warrants were ineffective. The government then authorized use of general writs permitting the search of any house or ship -
Townshend Acts
-Originated by Charles Townshend and passed by the English Parliament shortly after the repeal of the Stamp Act.
-They were designed to collect revenue from the colonists in America by putting customs duties on imports of glass, lead, paints, paper, and tea.
-The colonials, spurred on by the writings of John Dickinson, Samuel Adams, and others, protested against the taxes. -
Boston Massacre
-The Boston Massacre was a street fight that occurred on March 5, 1770, between a "patriot" mob, throwing snowballs, stones, and sticks, and a squad of British soldiers.
-Several colonists were killed and this led to a campaign by speech-writers to rouse the ire of the citizenry.
-The riot began when about 50 citizens attacked a British sentinel. -
Tea Act
- Launched the final spark to the revolutionary movement in Boston.
- The act was not intended to raise revenue in the American colonies, and in fact imposed no new taxes.
- It was designed to prop up the East India Company which was floundering financially and burdened with eighteen million pounds of unsold tea.
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Boston Tea Party
-took place when a group of Massachusetts Patriots, protesting the monopoly on American tea importation recently granted by Parliament to the East India Company, seized 342 chests of tea in a midnight raid on three tea ships and threw them into the harbor.
-The Tea Act (May 10, 1773) adjusted import duties in such a way that the company could undersell even smugglers in the colonies.
-The first tea ship, Dartmouth, reached Boston November 27, and two more arrived shortly thereafter. -
1st Continental Congress
-The First Continental Congress was a convention of delegates from twelve British North American colonies that met on September 5, 1774, at Carpenters' Hall in Philadelphia.
-It was called in response to the Intolerable Acts.
-The Congress was attended by 55 members appointed by the legislatures of twelve of the Thirteen Colonies. -
Intolarable Acts
-The Intolerable(Coercive) Acts was a name used to describe a series of laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 relating to Britain's colonies in North America.
-The acts triggered outrage and resistance in the Thirteen Colonies that later became the United States, and were important developments in the growth of the American Revolution.
-although unrelated to the other four Acts, it was passed in the same legislative session and seen by the colonists as one of the Intolerable Acts. -
Battle of Lexington
-The first shots were fired just as the sun was rising at Lexington.
-The militia were outnumbered and fell back, and the regulars proceeded on to Concord, where they searched for the supplies.
-This was the first battle of the Revolutionary war. -
Battle of Concord
-At the North Bridge in Concord, approximately 500 militiamen fought and defeated three companies of the King's troops.
-The outnumbered regulars fell back from the minutemen after a pitched battle in open territory.
-Ralph Waldo Emerson, in his "Concord Hymn", described the first shot fired by the Patriots at the North Bridge as the "shot heard 'round the world."[11] -
2nd Continetal Congress
-The Second Continental Congress was presided over by John Hancock, who replaced the ailing Peyton Randolph.
-Joseph Galloway, the Pennsylvania conservative, was not in attendance.
-All of the colonies sent delegates, although the Georgia delegation did not arrive until fall. -
Fort Ticonderoga
-A british fort that the Americans stole.
-Fort Ticonderoga is found on Lake Champlain.
-Fort Ticonderoga, formerly Fort Carillon, is a large 18th-century star fort built by the Canadians and the French at a narrows near the south end of Lake Champlain in upstate New York in the United States. -
Battle of Bunker Hill
-The Battle of Bunker Hill took place mostly on and around Breed's Hill, during the Siege of Boston early in the American Revolutionary War.
-The battle is named after the adjacent Bunker Hill, which was peripherally involved in the battle and was the original objective of both colonial and British troops, and is occasionally referred to as the "Battle of Breed's Hill."
-"Don't shoot until you see the whites of thier eyes." -
Common Sense
-Written by Thomas Paine.
-It was first published anonymously at the beginning of the American Revolution.
-Common Sense, was signed, "Written by an Englishman", and it became an immediate success. -
Battle of New York
-In 1776, the British set forth to subdue the colonies.
-They began the effort by recapturing New York. First, they drove Washington off Long Island; then, from lower Harlem.
-After this initiative, Washington retreated to White Plains, where for the first time, he was able to hold off the British forces. The British, then again, outmanuevered Washington. Washington was forced to retreat to New Jersey. -
Declaration of Independence
-The Declaration of Independence was a statement adopted by the Continental Congress announcing that the 13 colonies were independent.
-A committee was assembled to draft the formal declaration, to be ready when congress voted on independence.
-John Adams persuaded the committee to select Thomas Jefferson to compose the original draft of the document,[ -
Battle of Trenton
-The Battle of Trenton took place after General George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River north of Trenton, New Jersey.
-The hazardous crossing in adverse weather made it possible for Washington to lead the main body of the Continental Army against Hessian soldiers garrisoned at Trenton.
-The Continental Army had previously suffered several defeats in New York and had been forced to retreat through New Jersey to Pennsylvania. -
Battle of Trenton
-The Battle of Trenton took place after General George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River north of Trenton, New Jersey.
-The hazardous crossing in adverse weather made it possible for Washington to lead the main body of the Continental Army against Hessian soldiers garrisoned at Trenton. -
Battle of Princeton
-On the night of January 2, 1777 George Washington, Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army, repulsed a British attack at the Battle of the Assunpink Creek in Trenton.
-That night, he circled around General Lord Cornwallis' army, and went to attack the British garrison at Princeton.
-Mercer and his troops were overrun and Washington sent some militia under Brigadier General John Cadwalader to help him. -
Battle of Saratoga
-Turning point in the revolutionary war.
-French became our allies.
-We could not have won the war without them. -
Winter at Valley Forge
-George Washington lost over 1/4 of his men.
-Died from starvation and freezing to death.
-With winter almost set in, and the prospects for campaigning greatly diminishing, General George Washington sought quarters for his men. -
Battle of Yorktown
-last major land battle in North America during the American Revolutionary War.
-Fought in present day Virginia.
-In August 1781, General George Washington learned that Lieutenant General Lord Charles Cornwallis' army was encamped near Yorktown, VA. -
Treaty of Paris 1783
-Officialy ended the Revolutionary War.
-The other combatant nations, France, Spain and the Dutch Republic had separate agreements.
-On September 3, Great Britain also signed separate agreements with France and Spain, and (provisionally) with the Netherlands.
