France map c. 1035

Torah Commentators (note: most dates are approximate)

  • Period: 882 to 942

    Sa'adyah Ga'on (Sa'adyah b. Yosef al-Fayyumi)

    Egypt; Baghdad, Iraq
  • Period: 1040 to 1105

    Rashi (Shelomo b. Yitzhaq)

    Troyes, northern France
  • Period: 1084 to 1174

    Rashbam (Shemuel b. Meir)

    Troyes, Ramerupt, Paris, northern France
  • Period: 1092 to 1167

    Ibn Ezra (Avraham b. Meir)

    Iberia, Italy, France, Provence, England
  • Period: 1150 to 1200

    Bekhor Shor (Yosef)

    Orléans, northern France
  • Period: 1160 to 1235

    Radaq (David Qimḥi)

    Narbonne, southern France
  • Period: 1240 to 1313

    Ḥizquni (Ḥezeqiah b. Mano'aḥ)

    Northern France
  • Period: 1470 to 1550

    Seforno (Ovadyah b. Yosef)

    Cesena, Rome, Bologna, Italy