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Nicaragua, along with other Central American countries, declared its independence from Spanish rule on September 15, 1821
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On September 14, 1856, Nicaraguan forces defeated William Walker’s filibusters in a key battle for national sovereignty.
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Anastasio Somoza García became president, starting a family dictatorship that lasted over four decades.
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The Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) overthrew the Somoza regime, marking a major political shift.
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Violeta Barrios de Chamorro became the first female president of Nicaragua, ending a decade of Sandinista rule through peaceful elections.