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The defenestration of Prague (when a guy was thrown out of a window) was what officially kicked off the thirty years war.
Phases of the 30 year war:
1. Bohemian revolt
2. Danish
3. Swedish
4. Franco-Swedish
The war concludes with the Peace of Westphalia establishing religious tolerance. -
Royalist (Supporters of Charles I) vs. Parliamentarians (Supporters of Oliver Cromwell) Ends with the execution of Charles I shocking the world by watching a kings head roll along with establishing the commonwealth.
Order of rule:
1. James I
2. Charles I
3. Oliver Cromwell
4. Charles II
5. James II
6. William III of Orange -
King Louis XIV, or rather known as the Sun King, is the best example of an absolutist monarch. Centralizing the french power, building the place in Versailles, and conquer territory just to expand his overgrowing power and dominance. -
James II is replace by Williams III and Mary II, who were protestant. Parliament did this to strip the power from the monarch. There were no casualties during this revolution. -
Limits the monarchy by establishing a constitutional monarchy. John Locke publishes his book Two Treatises of Government which was a foundational work of political philosophy that argues for natural rights. This book influences modern day democracy. -
This ends the War of Spanish Succession. Ensuring that the French and Spanish crowns stay separate.