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Period: 4000 BCE to 3000 BCE
Early Beginnings
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3900 BCE
Diseases caused
Evil spirits -
3600 BCE
Treatments
Prayer, blood letting, excorisms, amputation -
3100 BCE
Medicines used today
Digitalis - for heart
Quinine - digestion
Belladonna and atropine - digestion
Morphine - pain -
Period: 2999 BCE to
Ancient Times
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2900 BCE
Ancient Egyptians
Called upon the gods to heal them and they used medicine to heal disease as well as using leaches and for the art of splinting fractures.
Earliest people to keep accurate health records
Priests were the physicians -
1900 BCE
Ancient Chinese
They were the first to use the primitive acupuncture therapies and its still used today. -
1900 BCE
Ancient Greeks
They were the first to find out that diseases were natural rather than spiritual.
The religious custom didn’t allow bodies to be dissected.
Hippocrates wrote the ethics called the Oath of Hippocrates which is the basis for todays medical ethics. -
100
Ancient Romans
They found that disease was caused by a lack of sanitation
Romans were first to organize medical care
This was the beginning of hospitals -
Period: 400 to 800
Dark Age
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500
Stopped study of medicine
The church believed that life and death was in Gods hands -
700
Treating Disease
They prayed to treat people -
Period: 800 to 1400
Middle Age
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1100
Epidemics
It caused millions of deaths because of uncontrolled diseases -
Period: 1350 to
Renaissance
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1450
Rebirth
Started universities and medical school for research
They accepted dissection for bodies for study
They started publishing books to get greater access to knowledge -
Period: 1501 to
16th and 17th Centuries
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1515
Leonardo da Vinci
He studied the anatomy of the body -
1550
Gabriele Fallopius
He discovered fallopian tubes -
1563
Bartolommeo Eustacho
Discovered the tube leading from the ear to the throat called the eustachian tube -
William Harvey
He was able to describe the circulation of blood and the pumping of the heart -
Antoine con Leeuwenhoek
He invented the microscope so that way they could see what the eye couldn’t -
Apothecaries
They were used to trade in drugs and spices from the East -
Period: to
18th Century
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Benjamin Franklin
He discovered bifocals and he found that colds are contagious -
Medical students learning
Students had to attend lectures and go into a laboratory and observe the patients. They would dissect the body once they passed and observe the disease process. -
Joseph Priestley
He discovered oxygen and that plants refresh air that has lost oxygen -
Edward Jenner
He discovered vaccination for smallpox which saved millions of lives -
Rene Laennec
Invented the stethoscope. It was /made of wood but increased the ability to hear the heart and lungs which allowed doctors to know if that person was sick -
Period: to
19th and 20th Century
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Florence Nightingale
He got people to go to the Nightingale School of Nursing -
Ignaz Semmelweis
He identified the cause of childbed fever which was from people not washing hands -
Louis Pasteur
He proved that microorganisms were cause to disease -
Dmitri Ivanovski
He discovered that some diseases are caused by microorganisms that cannot be seen by a microscope -
Joseph Lister
He became the first doctor to use an antiseptic during surgery -
Ernst con bergmann
He developed a method to keep an area germ free before and during surgery -
Robert koch
He developed the culture plate method to identify pathogens and isolated the bacterium that causes tuberculosis. He also introduced the importance of cleaning and sanitation to prevent the spread of disease -
Paul ehrlich
He discovered medicine on disease causing microorganisms -
Wilhelm roentgen
He discovered x rays -
Anesthesia
when there was no anesthesia and so they would choke people unconscious and then they found there was some drugs created to put people to sleep for surgery -
Sir Alexander fleming
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Sigmund freud
He discovered the conscious and unconscious parts of the mind -
Gerard domagk
He discovered sulfonamide compounds which were true first medications effective in killing bacteria -
Jonas salk
Discovered the dead polio virus which would cause immunity to poliomyelitis -
Albert Sabin
He used a live polio virus vaccine to salks virus -
Francis crick and James Watson
They discovered the molecular structure of DNA -
Christian Barnard
He performed the first successful heart transplant -
Ben carson
He separates Siamese twins and performing hemispherectomies to stop seizures -
Period: to
21st Century
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Detecting skin cancer
They learned to detect skin cancer with a hand held device -
Strokes
A deep brain stimulation for strokes -
Recovery
Doctors have enhanced recovery for before and after surgery such as not eating before surgery etc. -
Robot Assisted Surgery
Robots assisted any type of surgery or procedure using robotic systems -
New Medication
They created a new combination drug for cystic fibrosis