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The Tower of London was built in the 1070s by William the Conqueror. Fresh from his victory and coronation but nervous of rebellion, William began to build this massive stone fortress to defend and proclaim his royal power. -
The White Tower is a former royal residence, the old keep, at the Tower of London in England. It was built by William the Conqueror during the early 1080s, and subsequently extended. The White Tower was the castle's strongest point militarily, provided accommodation for the king and his representatives. -
The zenith of the castle's use as a prison was the 16th and 17th centuries, when many figures who had fallen into disgrace, such as Elizabeth I before she became queen, Sir Walter Raleigh, and Elizabeth Throckmorton, were held within its walls. This use has led to the phrase "sent to the Tower". -
The Tower of London housed a collection of exotic wild animals, never before seen in London, including lions and a polar bear given as gifts to kings and queens. This collection is known as a menagerie.
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The Mint was established within the Tower, which became the principal place for minting coins in England. -
In this period, the Tower's military role became more central. It housed the Royal Armouries, with weapons and military equipment stored there. -
The Tower Menagerie, which was a collection of exotic animals kept at the Tower of London, was officially closed and the animals were moved to the newly established London Zoo in Regent's Park. -
The last political prisoners to be held at the Tower of London were in the early 19th century, specifically in 1820. During this period, the Tower was still used as a place of detention for individuals who posed a threat to the government or monarchy.
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During World War II, the Tower of London was indeed used as a prison once again, but this time for several high-profile prisoners, including a notable figure, Rudolf Hess.
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After a two-day trial which involved hearing the testimony of eight witnesses, Jakobs was found guilty of spying and sentenced to death. Jakobs's execution took place at the miniature rifle range in the grounds of the Tower of London. He was tied and blindfolded in a brown Windsor chair. -
UNESCO declares the Tower of London a World Heritage Site, recognizing its historical significance. -
Today, the Tower of London is one of London's top tourist destinations, with more than 2 million visitors a year. It is famous for housing the Crown Jewels, its medieval history, and its role in the British monarchy.