The Rise of Totalitarism in Europe By bibichou41 1917 Feb. and Oct. : Bolshevik revolutions 1918 Nov. : Emperor William II abdicates. Establishment of the Weimar Republic. 1919 Mussolini forms "Combat Leagues" 1920 National Socialist Party (NSDAP) founded 1921 "March on Rome" by Mussolini Apr 4, 1922 Stalin becomes General Secretary Dec 30, 1922 USSR is founded 1923 French occupation of the Ruhr 1923 Munich Putsch; Hitler arrested Mar 5, 1923 Lenin and Trotski break with Satline 1924 Fascicts assassinate deputy Matteotti Jan 21, 1924 Lenin dies; Stalin takes power 1925 Establishment of Mussolini's dictatorship 1926 "Fascist Laws" enacted 1927 Trotsky is expelled from the Communist Party 1929 Trotsky exiled; Stalin initiates collectivization 1932 Nazis win legislative elections 1933 27-28: Reichstag fire; freedoms suspended 1933 Staline second five-year plan Jan 30, 1933 Hitler becomes Chancellor Mar 20, 1933 Dachau concentration camp opens 1934 June 29-30: Night of the Long Knives 1934 Mussolini launches policy of autarky 1935 Nuremberg anti-Semitic laws 1936 Mussolini get support for Franco in Spain 1936 Italian victory in Ethiopia 1936 Apr. 1936 - Mar. 1938: Moscow Trials and Stalinist purges 1937 Second Moscow trial against Red Army leaders 1938 Mar. : Anschluss (German troops enter Austria) 1938 Third Moscow Trial: Execution Boukharine 1938 Nov. 9-10: Kristallnacht pogrom 1938 Radical and anti-Semitic political launch 1939 May: The "Pact of Steel" between Italia and Germany 1939 Aug. : Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
