The Mediterranean Society: The Roman Phase By rach.kim 753 BCE Founding of Rome 509 BCE Roman Republic Established Period: 264 BCE to 146 BCE Expansion of Rome in the Mediterranean basin Period: 106 BCE to 43 BCE Shows the life of Marcus Tullius Cicero 100 BCE Civil War in Rome Period: 31 BCE to 14 Ruling of Augustus Period: 4 BCE to 30 The life of Jesus (of Nazareth) Period: 46 to 44 Ruling of Gaius Julius Caesar Period: 66 to 70 Jewish War 100 Paul of Tarsus's Life