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Philip, the son of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and Isabella of Portugal is born in the city of Valladolid in Spain.
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(date is estimated) Charles V, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, divides his empire and retires to a monastery. He gives his son Philip II Spain, the Spanish netherlands, and the American colonies.
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Philip II defeates the great Ottoman offensive in the Mediterranean at the Battle of Lepanto.
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(date is estimated) The King of Portugal died without an heir. Philip II seized the Portugese Kingdom, because he was the king's nephew.
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(date is estimated) Philip II sends about 130 ships carrying 19,000 soldiers to the English Channel. But the English warships bombarded them with their heavier cannons.
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(date is estimated) Philip II launches the Spanish Armada in an attempt to punish Protestant England and its queen Elizabeth I.
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Philip II dies of cancer on September 13th, 1598 and is buried in El Escorial.