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King Arthur’s Reign
Legendary Celtic king who defended Britain against Saxon invaders -
1066
Norman Conquest
William the Conqueror wins the Battle of Hastings, transforming England’s monarchy and culture -
1215
Magna Carta
King John signs the "Great Charter," limiting royal power and laying foundations for constitutional law -
1534
Act of Supremacy
Henry VIII breaks with Rome, establishing the Church of England -
Execution of Charles I
The only English monarch to be tried and executed, leading to a short-lived republic. -
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Industrial Revolution
Britain becomes the world’s first industrialized nation, centered on steam power and factories -
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Victorian Era
Queen Victoria’s reign marks peak British Empire power and cultural influence -
Brexit Vote
The UK votes to leave the European Union, reshaping modern geopolitics