-
A military expedition launched by Pope Urban II in 1095 to recapture the Holy Land from Muslim control
-
A European military expedition launched after the fall of Edessa to Muslims, led by French King Louis VII and German Emperor Conrad III
-
A major European effort led by Richard the Lionheart (England), Philip II (France), and Frederick Barbarossa (Germany) to recapture Jerusalem from the Muslim leader Saladin
-
A Latin Christian expedition originally meant to retake Jerusalem but was diverted, leading to the Crusaders sacking the great city of Constantinople
-
Primarily targeting Egypt by capturing the port of Damietta to use as a base for advancing on Jerusalem