-
-
They were superstitious, so they believed disease was caused by supernatural spirits. These supernatural spirits were mainly seen as evil spirits.
-
Tribal doctors treated the sick by,
-exorcism
-trephining= removing circular section, known as the cranium.
-herbal mixtures or medicines -
-Digitalis=treats heart conditions (comes from the foxglove plant).
-Quinine=maintains fevers, muscle spasms, and prevents malaria ( comes from the cinchona tree).
-Belladonna and atropine- maintains and relieves muscle spasms (comes from a poisonous nightshade plant).
-Morphine=maintains excruciating pain (comes from opium poppy). -
-
Health records?
They came out with accurate health records.
Who are physicians?
The priests were physicians during this time.
How did they heal them?
-medicines
-splinting
-bloodletting and leeches -
development of acupuncture?
The Ancient Chinese learned to cure illnesses by using stone tools for acupuncture. -
They determined that illnesses could have been caused by natural causes rather than spiritual reasons.
The Ancient Greeks did not believe in the dissection of the human body.
Hippocrates= the father of medicine. -
Sanitation systems- the Romans brought water into their city by aqueducts. They also built sewers to filter out the dirty water, so it was more sanitary. Organize medical care?
They sent out a team of physicians to assist the wounded soldiers and other physicians made a makeshift hospital in their home for the ill.
Hospital Development?
Hospitals, again, started in the homes of physicians and they also realized that wearing death masks would protect them from diseases and illnesses. -
-
They believed that “life and death were in God’s hands,” according from our textbook. The priests were not intrigued on how the body functioned anymore.
-
The most common treatment during this time was prayer, as well as herbal mixes.
-
-
lethal epidemics caused large populations of people to die because they were not being treated.
-
-
Universities were established because they believed that medical research was very significant.
Dissections were accepted by universities for study and books were also published for people to have more knowledge on the research they had found. -
-
Leonardo da Vinci studied the human body and made a depiction of the human body. -
discovered the fallopian tubes -
discovered the tube coming from the ear to the throat.
-
was able to describe the flow of blood and the pumping of the heart.
-
Invented the microscope and discovered that bacteria causes tooth decay.
-
Apothecaries were early pharmacies. -
-
he discovered bifocals and that colds can be passed from one person to another. -
Students would go to lectures and laboratory's. If a patient died, they wold use their body for dissection purposes.
-
discovered oxygen and that plants “clean” the oxygen that turns into carbon dioxide.
-
Discovered vaccinations for smallpox.
-
She invented the stethoscope. -
-
He identified the cause of childbed fever, which had caused many females to die after or during childbirth. He claimed that it was because they did not wash their hands, so they were infecting the babies and the babies mothers.
-
she attracted many educated women to the Nightingale school of nursing, she previously aided soldiers, along with 38 other women, to help them from dying of cholera, she started the training of protection, sanitation, and living costs of nurses, and designed a sanitary hospital. -
found that microorganisms are everywhere in the human body and cause disease. He also found that heating milk can prevent disease and he also created a rabies vaccine.
-
Discovered that some microorganisms can cause diseases that cannot be seen under a microscope, which are called viruses. Some of these diseases included-
*Poliomyelitis
*Rabies
*measles
*influenza
*chicken pox
*German measles -
He learned about microorganisms that cause infections, so he use carbolic acid to clean wounds to kill germs and prevent infection. He was the first doctor to use antiseptics during surgery. -
Developed asepsis for surgical reasons.
-
discovered disease-causing organisms, developed the culture plate method to identify pathogens and isolated bacteria that causes infections like tuberculosis.
-
Discovered that medications can prevent or even permanently stop diseases.
-
Discovered X-rays.
-
Before the nineteenth century, they preformed surgery without anesthesia. They would sometimes choke the patients until they became on consciousness, but that soon became inconvenient, as people would die from the lack of oxygen, so they created anesthesia. Anesthesia was a form of medicine that caused people to fall into a deep sleep, while the doctors are preforming surgery. -
Discovered that penicillin killed off lethal bacteria.
-
Discovered that the mind and body work together, leading to the discovery of psychosomatic illnesses. This discovering grounded the understanding of psychology and psychiatry (study of diagnosing mental disorders).
-
Discovered the compounds of the medicine that kills of bacteria, which is sulfonamide.
-
Discovered that a dead polio virus would cause immunity to poliomyelitis.
-
Discovered that the live polio vaccine is more effective to cure or prevent Salk’s virus (usually in babies).
-
Discovered the molecular structure of DNA. This served as information as to why DNA replicates and how hereditary information is coded.
-
Preformed the first successful heart transplant.
-
Pioneers in separating Siamese twins, preforming hemispherectomies, and surgeries o the brain to stop seizures.
-
Communication system from the brain to a computer.
-
-
First used during covid and is now used to fight off more diseases and sicknesses.
-
Treats patients with a severe bleeding disorder caused by the lack of factor IX.
-
Lab “manufactured” red blood cells. -
Treatments that help with early stages of Alzheimer’s disease.